摘要
对菜用大豆自然黄化突变体VS-5Y及其亲本VS-5,以及上海市崇明岛菜用大豆地方品种‘乌大青’的主要农艺性状、叶绿素含量、光合参数,以及抗氧化物质等进行了比较。结果显示,与VS-5相比,VS-5Y的株高降低了1/3,单株鲜荚产量降低了1/2,荚皮和籽粒均突变为黄色,种子百粒重也显著降低。与VS-5相比,VS-5Y和‘乌大青’的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量在苗期显著低于VS-5,其净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)和蒸腾速率(Tr)在生长前期也明显降低。随着生长至成株期,VS-5Y的叶绿素含量和净光合速率与VS-5相当,但是到了开花期和结荚期,VS-5Y的叶片、茎秆和豆荚均迅速转黄,表现为整株黄化。VS-5Y在黄化期间的叶绿素a/叶绿素b明显高于VS-5,其叶绿素b的缺失程度高于叶绿素a。‘乌大青’则仅在苗期表现黄化,随着生长,其叶绿素含量和Pn等逐渐转为正常。此外,VS-5Y在黄化期间的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量相对较高,而脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量相对较低。本研究为探究大豆黄化机理和利用叶色突变作为标记性状用于菜用大豆遗传改良和种质创新提供了种质和理论研究基础。
The main agronomic characters,chlorophyll contents,photosynthetic parameters and antioxidant substances of vegetable soybean mutant VS-5 Y and its parent VS-5,as well as the local vegetable soybean cultivar’Wudaqing’from Chongming Island of Shanghai,were comparatively studied.The results showed that,compared with VS-5,the plant height of VS-5 Y was reduced by 1/3,and the yield of fresh pods per plant was reduced by 1/2.The pod skin and grain of VS-5 Y were changed to yellow,and its 100-seed weight was also significantly reduced.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoids in VS-5 Y and’Wudaqing’were significantly lower than those in VS-5 at seedling stage.The net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs)and transpiration rate(Tr)of VS-5 Y and’Wudaqing’were also significantly decreased at the early growth stage.At adult stage,the chlorophyll contents and net photosynthetic rate of VS-5 Y were similar to that of VS-5.However,the whole plant of VS-5 Y includes the leaves,po ds and beans were turned to yellow rapidly at the flowering and pod-setting stages,and during yellowish stage,the chlorophyll a/chlorophyll b ratio(Chl a/Chl b)of VS-5 Y was significantly higher than that of VS-5,and the Chl b deficiency of VS-5 Y was higher than that of Chl a.The chlorophyll contents and Pn of’Wudaqing’became normal gradually with the growth of plants.In addition,the SOD activity and malondialdehyde(MDA)content of VS-5 Y during yellowish stage was relatively higher,but the contents of proline and soluble protein were relatively lower.This study might provide a significant yellowish germplasm and theoretical basis for soybean yellowish mechanism research and for the use of xantha mutants as marker trait for genetic improvement and germplasms innovation of vegetable soybean.
作者
李超汉
朱丽华
杨红娟
宋荣浩
顾卫红
Li Chaohan;Zhu Lihua;Yang Hongjuan;Song Ronghao;Gu Weihong(Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology,Horticultural Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai,201403;Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai,201403)
出处
《分子植物育种》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期3726-3734,共9页
Molecular Plant Breeding
基金
农业基础性长期性科技工作国家作物种质资源数据中心观测监测任务(ZX01S1001)
上海市市级农口系统青年人才成长计划(沪农青字(2016)第1-9号)
上海市农业科学院“卓越团队”建设计划(农科创2017(B-06))共同资助
关键词
菜用大豆
黄化突变体
叶绿素
农艺性状
光合作用
Vegetable soybean
Xantha mutant
Chlorophyll
Agronomic characters
Photosynthesis
作者简介
通信作者:顾卫红,guwh518@163.com.
