摘要
渭河盆地是我国现代构造活动十分强烈的地区之一,活断层纵横交错、相互切割,发育地裂缝近212条.为了研究渭河盆地地裂缝的同生机制,通过地面调查、测绘、探槽、钻探和物探等地质勘探手段,分析渭河盆地地裂缝发育的同生条件和同生特征,总结提出该盆地地裂缝的同生机制.主要结果有:(1)渭河盆地地裂缝具有较为明显的同生条件,它们处于同一盆地构造框架内,受同一构造应力系统驱动,从而形成了相似的地表破裂系统;(2)渭河盆地地裂缝的同生特征有平面展布的方向性、剖面结构的相似性、与断裂的普遍关联性和活动时间的同步性;(3)渭河盆地地裂缝形成的同生机制包含了四个层次的内容,分别是上地幔隆升的宆拱机制、中上地壳流展的拉伸机制、断块差异运动的牵动机制和断裂伸展蠕滑的破裂机制.渭河盆地地裂缝破裂系统受控于上述的四个构造动力机制,它们之间相互联系,相互依托,密不可分.研究渭河盆地地裂缝的同生机制,对于地裂缝生成机理的宏观认识具有着重要的价值,对于地裂缝区域性的防灾减灾具有重大的现实意义.
Weihe Basin is one of the areas where modern tectonic activity is very strong in China. Active faults crisscross and cut each other,and there are nearly 212 ground fissures. In order to summarize the syngenetic mechanism of ground fissures in the Weihe Basin,this paper studies and analyzes the syngenetic conditions and characteristics of ground fissures in the basin by means of surveying,mapping,trenching,drilling and geophysical prospecting. The main results are as follows:(1)The ground fissures in the Weihe Basin have obvious syngenetic conditions. They are in the same tectonic frame and are driven by the same tectonic stress system,thus forming a similar surface fracture system.(2)The syngenetic characteristics of ground fissures in the Weihe basin include the orientation of plane distribution,the similarity of section structure,the general correlation with faults and the synchronization of activity.(3)The syngenetic mechanism of ground fissures in the Weihe basin includes the uplift of upper mantle,the flow extending of middle and upper crust,the differential motion of fault blocks,and the stretching creep of faults. The ground fissures in the Weihe Basin are controlled by the above-mentioned tectonic dynamic mechanisms,which are interrelated,interdependent and inseparable. The study on the syngenetic mechanism of ground fissures in the Weihe basin is of great value to the macro understanding of the formation mechanism of ground fissures and it has great practical significance for regional disaster prevention and mitigation.
作者
王飞永
彭建兵
卢全中
黄强兵
孟振江
乔建伟
Wang Feiyong;Peng Jianbing;Lu Quanzhong;Huang Qiangbing;Meng Zhenjiang;Qiao Jianwei(Department of Geological Engineering,Chang’an University,Xi’an,710054,China;Key Laboratory of Western China Mineral Resources and Geological Engineering,Ministry of Education of the Peoples’s Republic of China,Xi’an,710054,China;China JK Institute of Engineering and Design,Xi’an,710043,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory for the Property and Treatment of Special Soil and Rock,Xi’an,710043,China)
出处
《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第3期339-348,共10页
Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）
基金
国家自然科学基金(41790441,41807234,DD20160264)
关键词
地裂缝
渭河盆地
同生机制
同生特征
ground fissure
Weihe Basin
syngenetic mechanism
syngenetic characteristics
作者简介
通讯作者:彭建兵,E-mail:dicexy_1@126.com.
