摘要
出水口的位置不同,田间管网布置方案也不同,从而影响田间管网的投资费用,以往的研究大多忽略了出水口位置对管网投资的影响。【目的】探究在自压供水条件下,出水口位置对田间管网建设费用的影响。【方法】分别对出水口位于地块一角、地块一边、地块中间3种情形建立以毛管长度、支管管径为决策变量,以微喷灌田间管网总投资最小为目标的优化模型,采用变径设计,选用遗传算法求解。【结果】与传统规范设计方案相比,出水口位于地块一角、一边和中间的模型优化方案,管道投资分别降低了20.0%、9.5%、23.9%。对比规范设计结果,出水口位于地块一边的管网投资最小,比出水口位于地块一角的布置方案投资降低了13.4%,出水口位于地块中间比位于一角时布置方案投资降低了7.2%;对比模型优化结果,出水口位于地块中间比出水口位于地块一角和出水口位于地块一边时田间管网投资分别降低了11.8%、9.9%。【结论】模型优化结果节省投资明显,模型优化结果显示出水口位于中间毛管双向布置时投资最省。
【Objective】Most existing study on optimizing micro- irrigation pipe network did not consider the out let position despite its importance.This paper aims to elicit this for the pipe network under natural pressure.【Method】We analyzed three scenarios assuming the outlet was on corner, on one side, and on center of the field;the objective of the optimization was to minimize the investment with the length and diameter of both capillary and branch pipes as the decision variables.The optimization problem was solved using the genetic algorithm.【Result】Compared to standard design protocol, the optimized results obtained from the proposed model reduced the costs of the pipelines by 20%, 15.2% and 23.9%, when outlet was on corner, one-side outlet and center of the field respectively.The one-side outlet was the cheapest for pipe network, saving 7.6% and 7.2% compared to the corner and central outlet respectively.We chose unidirectional capillary layout for the outlet at the corner and on one side, and the bidirectional one was used for outlet in the middle.For the field network, the cheapest is central outlet, saving 11.8% and 9.9% respectively, compared to corner and side outlet respectively.【Conclusion】Appli-cation of the optimization model can save costs of field pipe network, and for the three scenarios we examined, the central outlet was most economically efficient.
作者
田新苗
郝新梅
马孝义
柳烨
TIAN Xinmiao;HAO Xinmei;MA Xiaoyi;LIU Ye(China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Northwest A& F University,Yangling 712100,China)
出处
《灌溉排水学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第4期63-70,共8页
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项(2017YFC0403201)
关键词
微喷灌
田间管网
优化设计
遗传算法
micro-irrigation
field network
design optimization
GA
作者简介
田新苗(1995-),女,山东聊城人。硕士研究生,主要从事灌溉排水理论与新技术。E-mail:tianxin_miao@163.com;通信作者:郝新梅(1974-),女,山西汾阳人。副教授,主要从事农业水土工程。E-mail:haox@cau.edu.cn.
