摘要
为了探明江苏省近岸海域鳗苗定置网兼捕对早期渔业资源的损害,于2016年2—5月,在东台、如东、启东和海门4个监测区域采用鳗苗定置网取样调查方法,进行了鳗苗网兼捕对渔业资源损害性研究。结果表明:144网次调查共捕获游泳生物幼体14 861尾共75种,隶属64属45科18目,其中鱼类51种,隶属29科,甲壳类21种,隶属13科,头足类3种,隶属3科;优势种为细螯虾Leptochela gracilis、葛氏长臂虾Palaemon gravieri和日本鼓虾Alpheus japonicus;兼捕渔获物中经济种有34种,占全部种类的45.33%;各月和各区域之间,种类数差异不大,平均密度差异较大,月平均密度以5月份最多(146.27尾/网),2月份最少(46.38尾/网),各区域的平均密度以东台最高(205.85尾/网),海门最少(31.33尾/网);各地区的优势种存在一定的差异,东台的优势种为大银鱼Protosalanx hyalocranius,如东为葛氏长臂虾Palaemon gravieri,启东为三疣梭子蟹Portunus trituberculatus,海门的为凤鲚Coilia mystus;计算鳗苗捕捞兼捕渔业资源损伤率为158.10,各月份中3月和5月的损伤率尤其高,各区域中如东和东台海域损伤率尤其高,根据鳗苗定置网兼捕幼体的经济损失额计算得到每捕获一条鳗苗损失幼体经济价值40.60元。研究表明,鳗苗定置网兼捕对江苏近岸海域的早期渔业资源造成了一定的损害。
The effect of elver nets on fishery resources in coastal waters was investigated by monthly sampling monitoring survey in areas of Dongtai, Rudong, Qidong and Haimen in Jiangsu Province from February 2016 to May 2016. The 144 net survey showed that 14 861 individual larvae of nektons were collected, representing 75 species belonging to 64 genera, 45 families, and 18 orders by 137 casting nets, including 51 species of fish in 29 families;21 species of crustaceans in 13 families;3 species of cephalopods in 3 families, with the dominant species of Leptochela gracilis , Palaemon gravieri and Alpheus japonicas . There are 34 species of economic species in bycatch, accounting for 45.33% of total species number, with little difference in the number of species in various months and regions. However, the average density was shown to be varies greatly, with the maximal monthly average density in May(146.27 ind./net),and in Dongtai (205.85 ind./net), and the minimal in February(46.38 ind./net)and in Haimen(31.33 ind./net). There are different dominant species in different regions, with dominant species Protosalanx hyalocranius in Dongtaiis, Palaemon gravieri in Rudong, Portunus trituberculatus in Qidong, and Coilia mystu in Haimen. The damage rate of eel harvesting and fishery resources was estimated to be 158.10, especially high in March and May, and in Rudong and Dongtai sea area. Based on the calculation of the economic loss of the larvae, the economic loss value of larvae per larva catch was estimated to be 40.60 yuan, indicating that the fixed net of the seedlings led to some damage to the early fishery resources in the coastal waters of Jiangsu Province.
作者
张虎
黄昕
胡海生
贲成恺
吉红九
于雯雯
袁健美
汤晓鸿
高继先
ZHANG Hu;HUANG Xin;HU Hai-sheng;BEN Cheng-kai;JI Hong-jiu;YU Wen-wen;YUAN Jian-mei;TANG Xiao-hong;GAO Ji-xian(Jiangsu Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Nantong 226007, China;College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097, China)
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第1期119-125,共7页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303047)
关键词
江苏近岸海域
鳗苗网
早期渔业资源
损伤率
coastal waters of Jiangsu
elver net
early fishery resources
damage rate
作者简介
张虎(1980—),男,副研究员。E-mail:ahu80@163.com.
