摘要
双光谱LED茶园专用杀虫灯是根据茶园主要害虫的生态特征和趋光性的波段范围、夜晚活动旺盛时间(扑灯节律)的差异,实现最大量诱捕害虫最优化的设计方案。该灯在江西省靖安县茶园使用中,共诱杀到5目13科15种,主要有茶尺蠖、假眼小绿叶蝉、茶毛虫、金龟甲、茶天牛、茶芽小象甲、小地老虎、土白蚁等,说明该灯的杀虫谱较广。诱杀害虫中鳞翅目占54.0%,半翅目占35.2%,鞘翅目占7.3%,其他害虫类别占3.5%;诱杀主要害虫的种类和数量有差异,表现出明显的季节性,显示出所诱茶园主要害虫的成虫发生期,对茶园虫情预测预报和防治有重要的指导作用。在诱杀大量害虫的同时,也可诱杀到益虫,其种类有蜻蜓、瓢虫、步甲、草岭虫等,益害比约为1.89∶1.00,对益虫的影响较小,有利于保护和利用益虫,有利于保护生态平衡,减少茶树种植过程中农药使用量和提高经济效益。
According to the differences in the ecological characteristics of the main pests in the tea garden,the range of phototaxis,and the vigorous time of night activities(the rhythm of light flapping),the dual-spectrum LED special insecticidal lamp was designed to achieve the optimal design scheme for the maximum number of trapping pests.The lamp was used in the tea garden of Jing’an County,Jiangxi Province.A total of 15 species,13 families and 5 orders were traped,including the tea inchworm,false eye small green leaf cicada,tea caterpillar,golden tortoise shell,stem borer,tea bud weevil,black cutworm,subterranean termites.It showed that the dual spectrum LED solar insecticidal lamp for tea garden dedicated had a wide insecticidal spectrum.The Lepidoptera accounted for 54.0%,the Hemiptera 35.2%,the Colcoleoptera 7.3%,and other pests.The categories and numbers of the main pests were 3.5%,Lepidoptera accounted for 54.0%of the trap pests,Hemiptera 35.2%,Coleoptera 7.3%and other insect species 3.5%.The species and the number of the main pests were different,showing a distinct seasonal character,showing the adult period of the main pests in the tea garden,which had important guidance for the prediction and control of the tea garden insect situation.While killing a large number of pests,they can also be trapped to the beneficial insects,including dragonflies,ladybugs,ground beetle and lacewing.The benefit ratio was about 1.89∶1.00,and it had little influence on the beneficial insects.It was beneficial to the protection and utilization of the beneficial insects and the protection of ecological balance.Reduce the use of pesticides in the process of tea cultivation and improve the economic benefit.
作者
涂海华
胡秀霞
毛宇
邝先飞
TU Hai-hua;HU Xiu-xia;MAO Yu(College of Science,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330045)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2019年第3期114-117,共4页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ150378)
江西省科技重点研发项目(20181ACF60020)
关键词
双光谱LED杀虫灯
趋光性
扑灯节律
茶园害虫
Dual spectrum LED insecticidal lamp
Phototaxis
Rhythm to the lights
Tea pests
作者简介
涂海华(1966-),男,江西南城人,副教授,硕士,硕士生导师,从事物理农业研究.
