摘要
基于京津冀184个县的玉米面积和产量数据,利用综合比较优势指数法和空间聚类分析法测算和分析京津冀玉米种植综合优势及时空分布特征,结果表明:京津冀玉米种植规模处于大(>1×10~4 hm^2)、中(0.1～1×10~4 hm^2)和小(<1×10~3 hm^2)水平的县占总体比例分别约为70%、20%和10%,规模优势区分布在中南部;京津冀玉米单产处于高产(>6 750 kg/hm^2)、中高产(5 250～6 750 kg/hm^2)、中产(3 750～5 250 kg/hm^2)和低产(<3 750 kg/hm^2)水平的县占总体的比例分别约为30%、40%、20%和10%,效率优势区集中在环京津中东部地区;综合比较优势指数在大于1.5、1～1.5和小于1的县区数量分别占比约为15%、30%和55%,综合优势区分布于北京以南,太行山以东。近10年,玉米大型种植规模区县的数量增加了约6%,中等规模区县区数量基本不变,小规模区县的数量减少了约5%;玉米单产呈波动上升趋势,相对于2005年,2015年高产水平县区的数量增加了12.92%,而低产区县的数量下降了1.34%;玉米综合优势的主要优势和劣势区没有发生显著变化。
Based on the planting area and yield of corn of184counties in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the comprehensive advantages and time-space distribution characteristics of maize planting were measured and analyzed by using the comprehensive comparative advantage index method and spatial clustering analysis method.The conclusions were as follows:Large-scale area of corn planting in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region(>1×10^4hm2),medium scale(0.1-1×10^4hm2)and small scale(<1×10^3hm2)accounted for about70%,20%and10%respectively.The scale advantage area was distributed in the central and southern part.The percentage of high yield(>6750kg/hm2),middle-high yield,middle yield(3750-5250kg/hm2)and low yield in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region maize counties was about30%,40%,20%and10%respectively.The dominant areas were located in the central and eastern parts of Beijing and Tianjin.The comprehensive comparative advantage index accounted for about15%,30%,and55%of the counties with greater than1.5,1-1.5,and less than1,respectively.The dominant areas were located south of Beijing and east of Taihang Mountains.In the past10years,the number of counties and districts in large-scale planting areas increased by about6%,the number of medium-scale planting areas changed little,and the number of small-scale planting areas decreased by about5%.The yield per unit level fluctuated,the number of counties in high-yield areas increased by12.92%in2015,and the low-yield areas fell by1.34%in2015.There were no obvious changes in the main advantages and disadvantages of the comprehensive advantages.
作者
陈琪
杨再洁
李奇峰
刁兴良
于景鑫
张馨
郑文刚
史磊刚
CHEN Qi;YANG Zai-jie;LI Qi-feng(Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agricultural, Beijing 100097;Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding ,Hebei 071001;Sinochem Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Beijing 100031)
出处
《安徽农业科学》
CAS
2018年第35期4-8,46,共6页
Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300201)
北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20180703)
关键词
京津冀
玉米
比较优势
空间分布
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region
Corn
Comparative advantage
Spatial distribution
作者简介
陈琪(1995-),女,河北涉县人,硕士研究生,研究方向:区域农业发展;通讯作者:史磊刚,高级农艺师,从事数字农业优化设计研究。
