摘要
Recent advancements in the field of musculoskeletaltissue engineering have raised an increasing interest in the regeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL). It is the aim of this article to review the current research efforts and highlight promising tissue engineering strategies. The four main components of tissue engineering also apply in several ACL regeneration research efforts. Scaffolds from biological materials, biodegradable polymers and composite materials are used. The main cell sources are mesenchymal stem cells and ACL fibroblasts. In addition, growth factors and mechanical stimuli are applied. So far, the regenerated ACL constructs have been tested in a few animal studies and the results are encouraging. The different strategies, from in vitro ACL regeneration in bioreactor systems to bio-enhanced repair and regeneration, are under constant development. We expect considerable progress in the near future that will result in a realistic option for ACL surgery soon.
Recent advancements in the field of musculoskeletaltissue engineering have raised an increasing interest in the regeneration of the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL). It is the aim of this article to review the current research efforts and highlight promising tissue engineering strategies. The four main components of tissue engineering also apply in several ACL regeneration research efforts. Scaffolds from biological materials, biodegradable polymers and composite materials are used. The main cell sources are mesenchymal stem cells and ACL fibroblasts. In addition, growth factors and mechanical stimuli are applied. So far, the regenerated ACL constructs have been tested in a few animal studies and the results are encouraging. The different strategies, from in vitro ACL regeneration in bioreactor systems to bio-enhanced repair and regeneration, are under constant development. We expect considerable progress in the near future that will result in a realistic option for ACL surgery soon.
基金
Supported by The City of Vienna(MA 27-Project 12-06)
the Austrian's Working Compensation Board(AUVA)
the Austrian Research Agency FFG,Bridge-Project,No.#815471
the New Tissue Project,No.FFG#818412
作者简介
Correspondence to:Thomas Nau,MD,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology/AUVA Research Center,DonaueschingenstraBe 13,1200 Vienna,Austria.office@traumanau.com Telephone:+43-1-33110462 Fax:+43-1-33110460.
