摘要
本文使用生命表的研究方法对2016年吉林省死因监测数据进行分析,推算吉林省人口平均预期寿命,分析主要疾病对预期寿命的影响。研究结果表明2016年吉林省总人口平均预期寿命是78.12岁,其中男性为75.83岁,女性为80.61岁。与2010年第六次人口普查吉林省人口平均预期寿命相比总人口平均预期寿命提高了1.94岁,其中男性提高了1.71岁,女性提高了2.17岁。分析疾病因素对人口死亡的影响,主要疾病致死率非常高,其中前10位死亡原因引起的死亡比例占98.94%,前4位死亡原因引起的死亡人数占总死亡人数的90.9%,影响较大的疾病包括循环系统疾病、肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病、消化系统疾病、内分泌系统疾病等。进一步分析主要疾病对人口平均预期寿命的影响发现,循环系统疾病是对人均预期寿命影响最大的疾病,因循环系统疾病死亡的人数占总死亡人数的一半以上。要想降低疾病的发生率及致死率,进而提高人均预期寿命,必须依靠全社会的共同努力。针对疾病发生的危险因素,建立危险因素的识别与干预体系,倡导健康生活方式,建设公共安全环境。
The life expectancy is an index that measures population’s health level.Using age based mortali.ty data to compile life tables is the most direct way to estimate the population life expectancy.Using the method of life table,this paper analyzes the Monitoring Data of the Cause of Death of Jilin in 2016.The article calculates the life expectancy of Jilin Province and analyzes the impact of the main diseases on the life expectancy.The results show that,the life expectancy of Jilin Province in 2016 is 78.11 years old,with male as 75.83 and female as 80.61 years old.Compared with the sixth population census in 2010,the life expectancy of the total population in Jilin increases by 1.94 years,in which men increases by 1.71 years and women increases by 2.17 years.The mortality rate of the main diseases is very high.The proportion of deaths caused by the first 10 causes of death is 98.94%.The number of deaths caused by the first 4 causes of death accounts for 90.9%of the total deaths.The main diseases include the circulatory system disease,tumor,respiratory system disease,digestive system disease,endocrine system diseases etc.Further analysis of the impact of the main diseases on the population life expectancy shows that the proportion of life expec.tancy loss due to the circulatory system diseases is 20.09%,the proportion of life expectancy loss due to the tumor deaths is 3.59%,and the proportion of life expectancy loss due to the respiratory disease deaths is 0.86%.It can be seen that circulatory disease is the most serious disease affecting life expectancy.The num.ber of deaths caused by cardiovascular disease accounts for more than half of the total number of deaths.In order to reduce the incidence of the diseases and the mortality and improve life expectancy,we must rely on the joint efforts of the whole society.According to the risk factors of disease,we must establish the system of disease identification and intervention,promote healthy lifestyles,and establish a public security environ.ment.
作者
邱红
李晶华
于丽莎
于涤
侯筑林
QIU Hong;LI Jinghua;YU Lisha;YU Di;HOU Zhulin(Center for Northeast Asian Studies,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin,130012,China;School of Public Health,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin,130012,China;Jilin Population and Development Statistics Information Centre,Changchun Jilin,130025,China;Jilin Disease Prevention and Control Center,Changchun Jilin,130062,China)
出处
《人口学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期31-39,共9页
Population Journal
基金
吉林省人口与发展统计信息中心项目:吉林省人口平均预期寿命研究
关键词
人口平均预期寿命
生命表
去死因预期寿命
死因顺位
Life Expectancy
Life Table
Life Expectancy of Removing Some Deaths
the Order of Death
作者简介
邱红(1966-),女,辽宁沈阳人,吉林大学东北亚研究中心教授;李晶华(1974-),女,吉林长春人,吉林大学公共卫生学院副教授;于丽莎(1965-),女,吉林敦化人,吉林省人口与发展统计信息中心副研究员;于涤(1962-),女,吉林长春人,吉林省人口与发展统计信息中心副研究员;侯筑林(1982-),男,内蒙古呼伦贝尔人,吉林省疾病预防控制中心主管医师。
