摘要
2014年1月～2016年8月,对湘西土家族苗族自治州境内的35个洞进行了洞栖性蝙蝠物种多样性的调查,在其中29个洞穴中发现了蝙蝠,总计观察到蝙蝠3979只,隶属5科20种,其物种多样性指数为1. 8176,均匀度指数为0. 6067。其中大蹄蝠和中华菊头蝠属于该区域的优势种群。从区系组成来看,15种为东洋界种(占总种数的75%)、4种为广布种(20%)、古北界种仅1种(5%)。调查发现,湘西州境内的洞穴资源较为丰富,但没有得到应有的保护,人为干扰及被破坏强度较大,严重影响着蝙蝠的栖息环境与生存繁育。建议加强对洞穴资源及洞栖性蝙蝠的研究和保护,大力开展科普与宣教活动,同时要在全州范围内对蝙蝠资源予以立法保护。
From January,2014 to August,2016,we studied the species diversity of cave-dwelling bats in the 35 karst caves in the Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Nationality Autonomous Prefecture.Twenty-nine caves were occupied by bats.In total,3979 individuals were recorded of 20 species and 5 families.The species diversity index was 1.8176 and evenness index was 0.6067.The most dominant populations in the Prefecture were Hipposideros armiger and Rhinolophus sinicus.The faunal components involved 15 Oriental(75%of the total),1 Palaearctic(5%)and 4 widely distributed species(20%),taking on the faunal characteristics of the Oriental Region.Through investigation,we found that there were abundant caves in Xiangxi territory,but these precious natural sites had not been protected.Meanwhile,human disturbances and serious sabotage to cave environments had affected the habitat,survival,reproduction and breeding of bats.We recommend that local governments should strengthen the propaganda and education about the protective significance of caves and cave-dwelling bats,and should introduce special prefectural legislation to conserve caves and their environments.
作者
吴涛
龚小燕
黄太福
彭乐
张佑祥
刘志霄
Wu Tao;Gong Xiaoyan;Huang Taifu;Peng Le;Zhang Youxiang;Liu Zhixiao(College of Biology and Environmental Sciences,Jishou University, Jishou,416000,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2018年第4期775-781,共7页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31560130)
湖南省生物类专业示范基地建设项目暨湖南省科普基地开放基金招标项目(17KPWT03)
关键词
洞栖性蝙蝠
物种多样性
溶洞资源保护
湘西州
Cave-dwelling bat
Species diversity
Protection of caveresources
Xiangxi prefecture
作者简介
第一作者简介:吴涛,男,25岁,硕士研究生;主要从事动物生态学研究。E-mail:623725242@qq.com;通讯作者:刘志霄,E-mail:zxliu1965@163.com
