苜蓿+禾草混播方式对二龄混播草地牧草产量的影响被引量：16

Effect of mixed alfalfa and grass cultivation on the forage yield of grasslands after two-year mixed sowing

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摘要在科尔沁沙地以无芒雀麦(Bromus inermis)、垂穗披碱草(Elymus nutans)和虉草(Phalaris arundinacea)共3种禾本科牧草与紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)按豆禾行数比1∶1、1∶2、2∶1和2∶2建植混播草地,分析了禾草种类和混播比例对二龄混播禾草、苜蓿及禾豆总产量的影响。结果表明:禾草种类及混播比例对混播组分及群体产量影响显著(P<0.05)。除第1茬禾草产量以苜蓿+虉草混播组合最高外,其余茬次及全年禾草产量均以苜蓿+无芒雀麦混播组合最高,苜蓿+垂穗披碱草混播各茬次及全年禾草产量最低。苜蓿+无芒雀麦和苜蓿+虉草1∶1混播全年禾豆总产量分别比单播苜蓿产量高25.70%(P<0.01)和14.21%(P>0.05),但禾草产量占比仅为16.10%和16.63%。豆禾1∶2混播全年禾草产量占比达到27.20%~37.57%,但禾豆总产量显著(P<0.01)低于其他混播组合。在科尔沁沙地,苜蓿∶禾草1∶1混播短期内可获得最高的禾豆总产量,1∶2混播全年禾豆总产量最低,而禾草产量比最高。 Mixed grasslands with two species were established at four intercropping ratios of legume:grass(1∶1,1∶2,2∶1 and 2∶2)at the Horqin Sandy Land.The legume-grass mixtures included alfalfa(Medicago sativa)and three kinds of grass(Bromus inermis,Elymus nutans,and Phalaris arundinacea)to investigate effects of the different grass species and mixed seeding ratios on the grass yield,alfalfa yield,and the total yield during the second sowing year.The results showed that the grass species and sowing ratios had a significant influence on the yield of mixed species and the total legume-grass yield(P<0.05).In addition to the first-year grass yield being the highest for M.sativa and P.arundinacea mixture,the grass yield at each subsequent cutting time and for the whole year was the highest for M.sativa and B.inermis combination and the lowest for the M.sativa and E.nutans combination.The total grass-legume yield for the 1∶1 combinations of M.sativa and B.inermis or M.sativa and P.arundinacea was 25.70%(P<0.01)for the whole year;the yield was 14.21%(P>0.05)higher than that for alfalfa sown alone,and the ratios of grass yield were only 16.10%and 16.63%,respectively.Whole-year grass yields were 37.57%and 27.20%,respectively,from the mixed cultivations of M.sativa and B.inermis or M.sativa and P.arundinacea at the legume∶grass ratio of 1∶2.The total grass-legume yield from the whole year was,however,significantly lower than that from other mixed sowing combinations(P<0.01).Conclusively,at the Horqin Sandy Land,the highest total grass-legume yield can be obtained in a short time with 1∶1 combinations of alfalfa∶grass,while the highest grass yield can be obtained with a 1∶2 combination,but the whole-year total grass-legume yield remains lowest in the latter combination.

作者张永亮潘东吴明浩 ZHANG Yongliang;PAN Dong;WU Minghao(Agronomy College of Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities Tongliao/Inner Mongolia Engineering Research Center for Forage Crop,Tongliao 028042,Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区内蒙古民族大学农学院/内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心

出处《草业科学》 CAS CSCD 2018年第9期2210-2219,共10页 Pratacultural Science

基金国家自然科学地区基金(31560673) 内蒙古自治区社会发展领域科技计划项目(20150426) 内蒙古自然科学基金(2015MS0337) 内蒙古自治区饲用作物工程技术研究中心开放课题项目(MDK2016020)

关键词间行混播混播比例混播组合禾草种类禾豆产量禾草产量比科尔沁沙地 intercropping mixture mixture ratio mixture combination grass species grass-legume yield ratio of grass yield Horqin Sandy Land