摘要
拴马桩是明清时期农家院门口用来拴牲口的石质构件。陕西关中地区现存数量最多、艺术价值最高,是拴马桩最主要的赋存区域。调查发现关中地区拴马桩石材材质主要为石灰岩,少量为砂岩极个别为花岗岩;主要病害为表面层风化、裂隙、缺失以及生物因素等。通过对典型样品的岩相、XRD、SEM、IC检测,明确了石材材质、风化产物、可溶盐成分、保存环境等相关信息。结合石质文物风化机理,基本明确了拴马桩石刻病害的成因,并在此基础上形成了初步的保护建议,为后续保护提供了依据。
Horse-hitching posts are stone posts erected for hitching livestock in front of the courtyard gates of the farmers'residences of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province,where the most and the most artistically valuable horse-hitching posts are preserved,is the main area of the stone horse-hitching posts being made and reserved.The surveys revealed that most of the horsehitching posts in the Guanzhong area are made of limestone,plus some made of sandstone and granite;the main diseases are the surface weathering,fracturing,fragmenting and biodeterioration.Through the petrography,XRD,SEM and IC tests to the typical samples,the relevant information such as the stone materials,weathering products,soluble salt composition,preservation environment and so on are made clear.Referring to the weathering mechanisms of the stone cultural heritages,the causes of the diseases of the stone horse-hitching posts are generally revealed,based on which the preliminary conservation suggestions are put forward to provide bases for the follow-up conservation.
出处
《文博》
北大核心
2018年第3期81-89,73,共10页
关键词
拴马桩
露天石刻
石灰岩病害
Horse-hitching Posts
Stone Sculptures in the Open-air
Limestone Diseases
