摘要
红耳龟是世界上最危险的100个入侵物种之一,该种目前已在中国野外普遍存在,并呈不断蔓延态势。本文采用文献调研、野外调查和访问调查等相结合的方法,研究了红耳龟在中国野外分布现状及扩散路径。研究结果表明,红耳龟在全国34个省级行政区均有野外记录,分布点多达265个;其中广东、台湾、海南、浙江、江苏、福建、湖北的分布点较多,达151个,占57.0%;辽宁、上海、山东、云南、河南、湖南、北京的分布点数量中等,共有56个,占21.1%;其余省区分布点较少,共有58个,占21.9%;分布点最多的省为广东(46个),最少的为西藏、甘肃、山西(各1个);全国主要水系、多数湖泊及部分自然保护区均有分布。红耳龟由原产地通过国际贸易被引入中国,随后在东南部省份实现大规模人工繁殖,再通过普遍存在的放生活动进入中国野外环境。红耳龟在中国大范围扩散主要通过庞大的贸易网络,贸易路径即是主要扩散路径,发达的贸易路径使得该种能够快速扩散、广泛分布,形成严峻的入侵态势。本文在分析和探讨红耳龟野外分布现状、扩散路径及形成原因的基础上提出了相关防控建议。
The red-eared slider(Trachemys scripta elegans),one of the world s top 100 most invasive alien species,has a widespread distribution in China,and continues to spread.We studied the extent,and mechanisms of its increasing geograhic distribution in China by literature review,field study,and interview survey.The results showed that red-eared sliders have been recorded in the wild in all 34 provincial-level administrative regions at 265 locations.Guangdong,Taiwan,Hainan,Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Fujian and Hubei had 151 distribution points,accounting for 57%of all records.Liaoning,Shanghai,Shandong,Yunnan,Henan,Hunan and Beijing had 56 distribution points,accounting for 21.1%of all records.The remaining 20 provinces had a total of 58 distribution points,accounting for 21.9%of all records.The locations of record in Guangdong Province were most numerous(46),and the those in Tibet,Gansu and Shanxi were least numerous(1 each).Red-eared sliders were recorded in main water systems,lakes and some nature reserves in China.The red-eared slider was introduced to China through the international pet trade and this was followed by large-scale captive breeding in China s southeastern provinces.Ultimately,the species entered China s urban and rural habitats through the widespread release of sliders sold in pet and food markets.The massive turtle trade routes are the main diffusion pathways of red-eared sliders throughout China.The developed trade routes have caused this species to spread quickly,become widely distributed,and become a severe invasive threat to native habitats.In this report,we offer recommendations for effective control and prevention of future red-eared slider invasions.
作者
龚世平
杨江波
葛研
Daniel Gaillard
Gong Shiping;Yang Jiangbo;Ge Yan(Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization,Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization,Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources,Guangzhou,510260,China;School of Life Sciences of Peking University,Beijing,100871,China)
出处
《野生动物学报》
北大核心
2018年第2期373-378,共6页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC1201100)
广东省科技计划项目(2017A020219004)
广东省科学院科技发展专项(2017GDASCX-0107)
关键词
红耳龟
生物入侵
分布
扩散路径
宗教放生
中国
Trachemys scripta elegans
Biological invasion
Distribution
Diffusion pathway
Religious release
China
作者简介
通讯作者:龚世平,男,42岁,博士,研究员;主要从事动物生态学研究。E-mail:gsp621@163.com
