摘要
基于水槽实验,研究植物对孤立波作用下直立堤局部冲刷的影响。通过改变实验入射波高、植物带的宽度和密度,分析各要素对直立堤局部冲刷的影响。实验对波高沿程变化、孤立波越堤、回落过程以及地形演变进行全程的测量和记录,并进行有无植物带保护的直立堤局部冲刷对比分析。结果表明,植物带的存在,使得堤后相对最大冲刷深度显著减小,堤前冲刷形态由单峰式"L"型变为双峰式淤积沙坝形态,且冲刷位置由原堤脚前移至植物带所在位置,冲刷范围大幅增加。减小植物带密度或者植物带宽度会使近岸侧或是离岸侧的相对最大冲刷深度和相对最大淤积高度有增大的趋势,但是当入射波高增大时,二者的影响不显著。该研究对实际工程中植物带的合理布置提出了具有参考性的建议,对减少堤防工程的冲刷和损失有一定现实意义。
A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of coastal vegetation on local scour around a vertical breakwater subjected to solitary wave.The scour patterns around the breakwater were analyzed based on a variety of incident wave heights,cross-shore vegetation width and vegetation density.The cross-shore wave height variation,wave uprush and backwash over the breakwater,as well as the scour patterns around the breakwater were measured.The scour patterns around the vertical breakwater without the vegetation protection were also compared.Results showed that when vegetation existed,the maximum local scour depth behind the breakwater reduced significantly;the erosion seabed profile in front of the breakwater appeared to be double-peak shape in contrary to the single-peak L shape eroded profile in the absence of vegetation曰the erosion in front of the breakwater occurred at the location more close to the vegetation and the extent of the scouring was enlarged as well.Both the maximum local scour depth and deposit height around the breakwater increased notably with the decreasing vegetation width and density when the incident wave height was small.However,the influences of vegetation width and density became insignificant when the wave height increased.Finally,some guidelines were provided in view of the reasonable arrangements of vegetation belt in the practical projects,which had some significance in protecting embankment from erosion and failure.
作者
蒋昌波
冯璐
陈杰
伍志元
王珠桥
JIANG Changbo;FENG Lu;CHEN Jie;WU Zhiyuan;WANG Zhuqiao(School of Hydraulic Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Water Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;International Research Center of Water Science&Environmental Engineering,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410114,China)
出处
《海洋通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期104-112,共9页
Marine Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51239001)
交通运输部应用基础研究项目(2015319825080)
关键词
孤立波
直立堤
植物
局部冲刷
solitary wave
vertical breakwater
vegetation
local scour
作者简介
蒋昌波（1970-)，男，博士，教授，主要从事河流、海岸动力过程及其模拟技术研究。电子邮箱:jiangchb@csust.edu.cn。
