摘要
湿地生态系统极易受外来入侵植物侵害,为调查草海湿地生态系统空心莲子草不同入侵程度的群落物种组成及多样性的变化,在夏季对草海自然保护区水陆生境的空心莲子草群落进行调查,按空心莲子草盖度分为水Ⅰ(0—20%)、水Ⅱ(20%—50%)、水Ⅲ(50%—100%)、陆Ⅰ(0—20%)、陆Ⅲ(50%—100%)五种群落类型。结果表明:在调查的25个样方中,水生生境共有10科22种植物,陆生生境共有13科29种植物,随空心莲子草入侵程度的增加,禾本科植物在两种生境中比例均上升;地面芽植物种类减少;根茎型植物种类增加;水中丛生型植物种类增加,陆地分枝型植物种类减少;水中物种丰富度增加,陆地物种丰富度降低;两生境多样性和均匀度均呈一致的下降。
Wetland ecosystems are easily invaded by alien invasive plants.There was infestation from Alternanthera philoxeroides(alligator weed)in Caohai Nature Reserve.In order to investigate the species composition and the change of diversity of different‘coverage grade’community of A.philoxeroides,the research was conducted in summer.The study focused on enumerating the effect of varying coverage of A.philoxeroides on the botanical composition and diversity of aquatic and terrestrial region of natural plateau wet-land habitat.A.philoxeroides community was categorized into3coverage grades in aquatic habitat(AI:0%-20%,AⅡ:20%-50%,AⅢ:50%-100%)and2coverage grades in terrestrial habitat(Te I:0-20%,TeⅢ:50%-100%).In total25quadrates,22species belonging to10families in aquatic habitat and29species belonging to13families in terrestrial habitat were found to be present.With the increase of A.philoxeroides invasion,the percentage of Gramineae raised in two habitats;the number of hemicryptophyte decreased;the number of rhizome type increased;the number of tuft type increased in aquatic habitat;the number of limb type decreased in terrestrial habitat.Species richness increased in aquatic habitat,but decreased in terrestrial habitat.Diversity and evenness both decreased in two habitats.
作者
彭雪梅
钱长江
杨允菲
张兆军
PENG Xuemei;QIAN Changjiang;YANG Yunfei;ZHANG Zhaojun(School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China;Institute of Grassland Science, Northeast Normal University, and Key laboratory for Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130024, China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2017年第5期121-128,共8页
Ecological Science
基金
贵州省青年科技成长项目(黔教合KY字[2016]213)
国家自然科学基金项目(31672471,31472134,31670427)
贵州省科技厅基金项目(黔科合J字[2013]2249号)
关键词
空心莲子草
多样性
生长型
生活型
生态类型
Alternanthera philoxeroide
diversity
growth form
life form
ecological type
作者简介
彭雪梅(1978—), 女, 辽宁铁岭人, 博士研究生, 主要从事植物种群生态学研究, E-mail: pengxm215@163.com;通信作者: 杨允菲, 女, 硕士, 教授, 主要从事植物种群生态学研究, E-mail: yangyf@nenu.edu.cn
