摘要
了解当前江苏省中小学生心理现状及其规律,可以为改善未成年人心理健康提供科学依据。通过问卷调查与深度访谈考察了江苏省76所中、小学的学生心理健康状况。结果发现,青少年轻度阳性心理症状检出率为60.8%,中度阳性以上检出率为8.4%,中小学生的身体素质指标呈下降趋势,睡眠时间严重不足,手机和网络依赖严重,人生观失位普遍,偶像崇拜泛滥,厌学情绪严重。其中小学生在撒谎、早熟等方面问题明显;中学生在成瘾、学业焦虑、人生观等方面问题更为突出。小学至高中学生心理健康水平呈不平衡状态,年龄越大,心理问题越多。在影响源上,青少年家庭环境与教养方式成为重要的影响因素,特别是离异家庭、留守家庭、流动家庭的子女心理健康状况令人担忧。建议社会给家庭立法,开发学校、社区、家庭三位一体化的心理辅导联动平台,呼吁学校应把心理健康课纳入学校重点课程体系。
This paper explores the characteristics of primary and middle school students mental development and the status quo of mental health,it provides scientific basis for improvement of juveniles'mental health.This paper examined the mental health status of students from76primary and secondary school in Jiangsu province by questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews.The rate of primary and middle school students with mild positive mental symptoms was60.8%;the rate of adolescents above moderate positive was8.4%;the physical quality index of primary and secondary schools shows a downward trend;the sleeping time of primary and middle school students is seriously insufficient;they rely heavily on mobile phones and networks;they lack a common outlook on life universally;idolatry inundates their mind;learning-weariness is serious.In terms of lying and precocity,primary students have much more serious problems,but the problems of addiction,academic anxiety and outlook on life are more prominent among middle school.The mental health level of students from primary school to high school is unbalanced,and the older they are,the more psychological problems they have.In the final analysis,family environment and parenting style are important factors.Mental health status of children from the divorced families,left-behind children families and migrant children families is worrying.Family legislation should be considered,psychological counseling platform linking schools,communities and families together should be developed and mental health course should be adopted into the school's key curriculum system.
作者
万增奎
WAN Zeng-kui(Mental Health Education and Research Center, Nanjing Xiaozhuang College, Nanjing Jiangsu 210017, China)
出处
《苏州大学学报（教育科学版）》
2017年第3期100-105,共6页
Journal of Soochow University(Educational Science Edition)
基金
江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重点基金项目"城市流动儿童品行状况及其教育现状的调查研究"(项目编号:2016ZDIXM030)
南京晓庄学院基金项目"城市流动儿童家庭环境与品行状况的问题研究"(项目编号:2016NXY06)
江苏省社科应用研究精品工程立项项目"城市流动儿童心理健康现状
问题和对策研究--以南京市为例"(项目编号:17SYB-109)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
中小学生
心理健康状况
对策建议
primary and middle school students
mental health conditions
suggestions
作者简介
万增奎（1967—），男，江苏淮安人，博士，南京晓庄学院心理健康教育与研究中心教授，主要从事心理健康研究。
