摘要
研究上坡道时小汽车和卡车组成的异质交通流的特点,将卡车分为重车和空车,使用的模型是一个更为精细的基于安全驾驶的元胞自动机(CA)模型,并通过计算机数值模拟分析了不同的坡度和坡道长度下异质交通流的特征。研究得出如下的结论:上坡道会明显改变交通流特征,交通流由之前分散的阻塞带变化为多个密集的短阻塞带,并且主要集中于坡道上和坡道前段,交通拥堵显著增加,40 m长的坡道就会增加近10%的拥堵;低密度情况下,卡车加入会在一定程度上缓解拥堵,重车缓解的程度更高,高密度情况下,卡车对于拥堵比例的影响较小;交通流的拥堵比例随着纵坡度的增大而增大,这说明减少纵坡度能够缓解拥堵;此外,当坡道纵坡度一定时,可以通过适当加大坡道长度而达到减缓拥堵的效果。
To better understand the characteristics of traffic flow mixed by the cars and trucks on an up-slope,a cellularautomata-based traffic flow model is proposed for single lane traffic considering the safe driving rules.The study revealssome new findings.Firstly,if a slope exits on a flat road,the traffic flow characteristics will change significantly.The previousdecentralized congestion zone is changed for much short-intensive congestion,and focused on the slope and slopefront.The slope impacts on traffic congestion significantly.A40m-long slope will increase nearly10%increase congestion.Secondly,the trucks in the traffic flow can ease congestion in the low density case;however,the trucks’impact oncongestion is limited and even can be ignored for the high density case.Thirdly,no matter what the density and slopelength are or whether a truck exists,the traffic congestion increases with the increment of the slope gradient,which indicatesthat reducing slope gradient can reduce traffic congestion.In addition,when the slope gradient is fixed,increasingslope length can also reduce traffic congestion.
作者
张小炳
祝俪菱
杨达
ZHANG Xiaobing;ZHU Liling;YANG Da(School of Transportation and Logistics, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China)
出处
《计算机工程与应用》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第19期216-223,共8页
Computer Engineering and Applications
基金
国家自然科学基金(No.51408509)
作者简介
张小炳（1984—），男，博士研究生，主要研究领域为运输组织理论与系统优化，E-mail：zxbisme3@163.com;祝俪菱（1986-），女，博士研究生，主要研究领域为交通流;杨达（1985-），男，博士，副教授，主要研究领域为交通流。
