摘要
运用生物沉积法在四十里湾不同海区对栉孔扇贝的生理生态学特征进行了研究。 1龄栉孔扇贝 (4 1 .1± 4.1 mm,软体干重 0 .48± 0 .1 0 g/ ind)清滤率变化范围为 0 .72～ 2 .5 4(平均 1 .2 7) L/ (ind· h)或 1 .65～ 5 .97(平均 2 .61 ) L/ (g· h)。清滤率受 TPM的变化影响不大 ,而摄食率却随 TPM的升高而升高。 2龄扇贝 (软体干重 1 .91± 0 .3 2 g/ ind)清滤率为2 .0 9～ 3 .99(平均 3 .1 0 ) L/ (ind· h)。栉孔扇贝吸收速率与 POM呈正相关关系 ,而与饵料质量 (POM/ TPM)无明显的相关性。1龄扇贝和 2龄扇贝吸收效率没有显著差别 ;扇贝对 POM的吸收效率与 TPM (或 POM)关系不大 ,却与饵料质量呈明显的正相关关系 ;扇贝对 POC、PON和 PP的吸收效率平均分别为 68.9%、64.0 %和 63 .6%。在沿岸养殖海域 ,栉孔扇贝通过大量的滤水摄食以及较高的吸收效率对生态系统的能量流动和物质循环产生影响。
The scallop Chlamys farreri Jones and Preston is one of the major bivalve species maricultured in China. The intensive aquaculture of this species in recent years has led to depressed growth rate and increased mortality. In order to estimate the carrying capacity for scallop culture in the sea, it is necessary to determine accurately the feeding rate and absorption rate and efficiency by the scallop. Studies on in situ biodeposition by C. farreri using PVC cylinders in 8 suspended farming zones in Sishili Bay with a total area of 13,000 hm 2 on the northern Yellow Sea coast were carried out in the summer (June to July) of 1998 in order to determine its eco physiological parameters, including clearance rate ( CR) , ingestion rate ( IR ) and absorption efficiency ( AE ). In one cylinder was hanged a 20 mm mesh net at 30 mm from the top of the cylinder to contain 18 evenly placed one year old scallops, and in another cylinder at 50 mm for 9 two year old scallops; The control cylinder contained no scallops. The density and size of experimental scallops corresponded with those of the field cultivated scallops in Sishili Bay. The top of each cylinder was covered by a 20 mm mesh net. All sediment traps were suspended directly under raft line so that the experimental scallops were at water depth of about 2 m. During the experiment, the surface water temperature was 17 8~20 9℃, and seawater salinity changed slightly from 30 15 to 30 65. The concentrations of total suspended particulate matter ( TPM ) at different stations ranged from 1 46 to 5 03 mg/L. CR of one year old scallops (shell height, 41 1±4 1 mm; soft tissue dry weight, 0 48±0 10g/ind) had CR ranging from 0 72 to 2 54 (mean 1 27) L/(ind·h). CR was slightly affected by change in TPM , while IR was positively correlated to TPM . For two year old scallops with soft tissue dry weight of 1 91±0 32g/ind, CR ranged from 2 09 to 3 99 (mean 2 61) L/(ind·h). The absorption rate ( AR) of one year old scallops had positive correlation with POM (or TPM ), but not with food quality (ratio of POM/TPM ). There were no significant differences between AE of the one year old scallops and that of the two year old scallops. AE of POM was poorly correlated with TPM (or POM ), but positively correlated with food quality. Mean AE of POC, PON and PP were 68 9%, 64 0% and 63 6%, respectively. In coastal intensive raft culture areas, scallops may have great impact on energy flow and material cycling of the ecosystem by filtration and absorption of particulate suspended matter.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2002年第9期1455-1462,共8页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
基金
国家重点基础研究规划资助项目 (G1 9990 1 2 0 1 2 )
国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 0 1 0 0 1 3 9
3 0 1 70 742 )
中国科学院知识创新工程资助项目 (KZCX2 -40 3 .2 1 1 )
关键词
山东
四十里湾
栉孔扇贝
清滤率
摄食率
吸收效率
现场研究
Sishili Bay
in situ biod eposition method
Chlamys farreri
clearance rate
ingestion rate
absorption efficiency
