摘要
区域海洋环境治理源于对"陆海统筹""区域联动"保护海洋生态环境的理性思考,国务院新组建的生态环境部从顶层设计上为破解区域海洋环境治理的协调难题提供了指导和依据。我国区域海洋环境治理仍存在现实困境,如现行法律法规不完善,立法与执法不协调,法律与政策不协调,地区之间不协调,海洋环境治理主体复杂且权责不清,海洋环境治理技术创新与人才储备不足等。美国、澳大利亚及欧洲的区域海洋治理经验丰富,在理顺法律规章、强化监察执法、构建有效协调机制、加大科技创新和人才培育等方面为我国区域海洋环境治理体制提供了重要经验。我国应完善并细化相关法律法规及政策,统一修改重复或可能有歧义的条文;建立有实效的协调机制,组建区域海洋环境政策委员会;加大海洋环境科技创新力度,强化海洋科技人才队伍建设。
Regional marine environmental governance stems from the rational thinking of"integrating land and sea " and "regional linkage " to protect the marine ecological environment. The newly established Department of Ecology and Environment of the State Council provides guidance and basis for solving the coordination problems of regional marine environmental governance from top-level design. Due to the imperfection of current laws and regulations,there are inconsistencies between legislation and law enforcement,between law and policy, and between different regions. The main bodies of marine environmental governance are complex and their power and responsibilities are not clear. And the technological innovation and the lack of the talent reserve of marine environmental governance are the other practical difficulties. Regional Ocean Management Experience in California of the U. S.,also in Australia and in Europe provide important inspiration for improving China ' s regional marine environmental governance system in the aspects of rationalizing laws and regulations, strengthening supervision and law enforcement,constructing an effective coordination mechanism,increasing scientific and technological innovation,and nurturing talents. China should improve and refine relevant laws and regulations and policies, and uniformly revise the clauses that are repeated or may be ambiguous,establish an effective coordination mechanism and establish a regional marine environment policy committee,we will increase innovation in marine environmental science and technology and strengthen the construction of marine science and technology personnel.
出处
《阅江学刊》
2018年第5期109-117,共9页
Yuejiang Academic Journal
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"基于利益相关者的海洋陆源污染共同治理机制研究"(71704082)
江苏高校哲学社会科学研究项目"我国海洋陆源污染利益相关者共同治理机制研究--以长三角为例"(2017SJB0145)
作者简介
顾湘，博士，南京信息工程大学法政学院副教授。
