摘要
采用追踪设计,利用家庭基本情况调查表调查婴幼儿14～25个月的电视接触时长,利用《汉语沟通发展量表》和《婴幼儿社会-情绪性量表》评估婴幼儿14～25个月语言发展及情绪社会性发展,由此考察看电视时间与婴幼儿语言以及情绪社会性发展的关系,结果发现:(1)在看电视时间与儿童语言发展方面,婴幼儿14个月时,不看电视和看电视30分钟的婴幼儿比看电视超过60分钟的婴幼儿在短语理解上的表现相对更好;每天看电视30分钟的婴幼儿比不看电视和看电视超过60分钟的婴幼儿在动作和手势方面的表现相对更好。在婴幼儿25个月时,没有发现看电视时间长短与此年龄阶段语言发展的相关;14个月婴幼儿看电视时间与其25个月语言发展也没有关系。(2)在看电视时间与情绪社会性发展方面,在婴幼儿14个月时,每天不看电视和看电视30分钟的婴幼儿比看电视15分钟以内的婴幼儿在能力域和掌握动机上表现更好,并且这两组分别在能力域和掌握动机上比看电视超过60分钟的婴幼儿表现更好。在婴幼儿25个月时,不看电视的婴幼儿比看30分钟以内和看电视超过60分钟的婴幼儿在注意力方面表现更好;看电视不超过60分钟的婴幼儿比每天看电视超过60分钟的婴幼儿在亲社会同伴关系中拥有更好的表现。看电视时间在跨年龄段的比较结果显示,每天不看电视的婴幼儿有更多的同伴攻击行为,但不看电视的婴幼儿比看电视15分钟以内以及看电视超过60分钟的婴幼儿注意力表现更好;看电视在15分钟以内的婴幼儿拥有最多的内隐行为问题和焦虑行为;看电视30分钟的婴幼儿比看电视15分钟以内和超过60分钟的婴幼儿在能力域和注意力方面表现更好,且该组婴幼儿比其他组的婴幼儿拥有更好的移情能力。婴幼儿看电视时间对其语言和情绪社会性发展的影响有利有弊,需要家长高度重视,采用合理的方式积极引导婴幼儿养成良好的看电视习惯,从而促进其语言和情绪社会性等方面的健康发展。
As an unavoidable ecological phenomenon in the plays an important role in the development of children, especially language, and emotional soeiality. In this study, a follow-up children＇ s growing environment, television preschool children, in terms of cognition, design was used to investigate the 14 to 25-month television contact duration of infants and young children using the basic household survey questionnaire. At the same time, we used the Chinese Communication Development Scale and the Infant- child Social-emotional Rating Scale to investigate infants and young children＇s language development and emotional sociality. The results showed that： （1）In terms of watching TV time and children＇s language development, at 14 months of age, infants and young children who do not watch TV and watch TV for 30 minutes were better than children with over 60 minutes to watch TV; Also, the baby group that watched television for 30 minutes a day performed better than the group with more than 60 minutes to watch TV. At 25 months of age, there was no correlation between the length of watching and the develop- ment of language at this age; Meanwhile, there was also no relationship between the time spent on watch- ing television in 14 months and the 25 months of and social development of emotions, at 14 months language development. （2）In terms of television time of age, infants and young children, who do not watch TV every day and who watch TV for 30 minutes were more likely to have higher score in capacity domain and mastering motive than children who watch TV within 15 minutes. And both of these two groups per- formed better in terms of ability and motivation than infants who watch TV for more than 60 minutes. At 25 months, infants who did not watch TV performed better in attention than those who watched less than 30 minutes and more than 60 minutes; Infants who watched TV for less than 60 minutes performed better in pro-social peer relationships than those who watched TV for more than 60 minutes a day. The results of cross-age group showed that the group without watching TV had more behavior of peer aggression every day, but the group without watching TV had better attention performance than those with less than 15 minutes＇ watching TV and those who watched TV for more than 60 minutes; The group that watched TV for less than 15 minutes had the most implicit behavior problems and anxiety behaviors; The children with 30 minutes＇ watching TV performed better in terms of ability and attention than the group with less than 15 minutes＇ and the group with more than 60 minutes＇, and this group had better empathy than the other groups. The influence of TV watching time on children＇s language development and emotional and social development has both advantages and disadvantages. Parents should pay great attention to it and adopt reasonable ways to actively guide infants to develop healthy and good TV watching habits so that it can pro-mote the development of infants＇ language and emotional sociality.
作者
卢珊
崔莹
王争艳
李亚庆
郭文婷
梁熙
Shan Lu;Ying Cui;Zhengyan Wang;Yaqing Li;Wenting Guo;Xi Liang(Beijing Key Laboratory of Learning and Cognition,Research Center for Child Development,School of Psychology,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048 China)
出处
《学前教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第11期15-26,共12页
Studies in Early Childhood Education
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:31470994
31700967)
北京市社会科学基金项目(批准号:15JYB016)
关键词
看电视时间
语言
情绪社会性
儿童发展
TV time
language
emotional sociality
development of infants
作者简介
通讯作者：梁熙，首都师范大学心理学院实验师，博士，E—mail：liangxi@cnu．edu．cn
