摘要
为筛选对桑褐斑病病原菌有高效抑制作用且对养蚕生产安全的杀菌剂,在室内测定了5种杀菌剂对桑褐斑壳丰孢[Phloeospora maculans（Bereng.）Allesch]病菌的抑制活性,以及对家蚕（Bombyx mori）3龄起蚕的急性毒性。5种杀菌剂对桑褐斑壳丰孢病菌的菌丝生长抑制活性从高到低依次为苯醚甲环唑、丙环唑、氟环唑、戊唑醇、嘧菌酯,以上排序杀菌剂对菌丝生长的抑制中浓度（EC50）分别为0.006 6、0.020 5、0.028 9、0.258 0和2.265 0 mg/L;5种杀菌剂对病原菌孢子萌发的抑制活性从高到低依次为嘧菌酯、苯醚甲环唑、丙环唑、戊唑醇、氟环唑,以上排序杀菌剂对病原菌孢子萌发的EC50分别为12.835 5、16.996 4、19.491 8、20.466 1和30.025 2 mg/L。5种杀菌剂对3龄起蚕的24 h毒性从大到小依次为嘧菌酯、氟环唑、苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇、丙环唑,以上排序杀菌剂对3龄起蚕的致死中浓度（LC50）分别为899.075 8、1 728.665 7、1 914.126 6、3 283.528 3、6 058.064 5 mg/L,均表现为低毒性。试验结果提示,嘧菌酯对病原菌孢子萌发有较高的抑制活性,可以用于桑园中对桑褐斑病的预防;其余4种三唑类杀菌剂对病原菌的菌丝生长有较高的抑制活性,可以用于感染桑褐斑病的桑树的治疗。具体的施药方案,则需要进一步评估田间用药对家蚕的安全风险性后确定。
To screen fungicides that can effectively inhibit pathogen of mulberry leaf spot disease and are safe to sericulture production,the inhibitory effect of 5 fungicides to pathogen of mulberry brown spot disease,Phloeospora maculans（ Bereng.） Allesch,and their indoor acute toxicity to newly moulted 3 rd instar silkworm larvae were determined. Results showed that difenoconazole had significant inhibitory activity on mycelium growth,followed by propiconazole,epoxiconazole,tebuconazole and azoxystrobin. Their median effective concentrations（ EC50） to P. maculans were 0. 006 6,0. 020 5,0. 028 9,0. 258 0 and 2. 265 0 mg/L,respectively. Azoxystrobin had the best inhibitory effect on spore germination,followed by difenoconazole,propiconazole,tebuconazole and epoxiconazole,with EC50 values of 12. 835 5,16. 996 4,19. 491 8,20. 466 1 and 30. 025 2 mg/L,respectively. The toxicity of 5 fungicide to silkworm 3 rd instar larvae were in the order of azoxystrobin,epoxiconazole,difenoconazole,tebuconazole and propiconazole,with median lethal concentrations（ LC50） of 899. 075 8,1728. 665 7,1 914. 126 6,3 283. 528 3 and 6 058. 064 5 mg/L,respectively,all of which were of low toxicity. These results indicate that azoxystrobin has better inhibitoryeffect on spore germination. It can be used in preventing mulberry brown spot disease in mulberry field. The rest 4 triazole fungicides have better inhibitory effect on mycelium growth. They are suitable to be used for treatment of mulberry trees infected by the brown spot disease. The specific application plan needs to be determined on basis of further evaluation on the risk of applying them in field to silkworm larvae.
作者
苏振国
江秀均
杨振国
谢道燕
罗雁婕
Su Zhenguo;Jiang Xiujun;Yang Zhenguo;Xie Daoyan;Luo Yanjie(Institute of Sericulture and Apiculture,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Mengzi Yunnan 661101,China)
出处
《蚕业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期645-648,共4页
ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA
基金
云南省科技计划项目(No.2015BB009)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-18)
云南省科技人才和平台计划项目(No.2017HB059)
作者简介
共同第一作者信息：苏振国（1983-），男，助理研究员。E-mail：szgmcn@163．com;共同第一作者信息：江秀均（1981-），女，副研究员。E-mail：jxjynbb@163．com;通信作者信息：罗雁婕，研究员。E-mail：yanjieluo@126．com
