摘要
运用GIS技术和景观生态学方法研究了芦山县在灾后重建人为干扰下的景观生态格局变化特征。结果表明:(1)地震后灾后重建对景观结构破坏严重,景观变化和和人为干扰有主要关系,景观格局指数的变化与人为干扰强度变化基本一致;(2)2013年,沿芦山中北部河谷地带工程建设用地和居住用地逐渐增加,裸露山体主要集中在中南部,林地破碎化非常严重,耕地逐渐向中部和北部河谷地带扩展;2017年,裸露山体大幅减少,南部耕地大量向中北部扩展,芦山县中南部区域新增大量居住用地和建设用地,湿地大量减少,草地主要集中分布在北部高山区域,林地面积由北到南逐渐减少;(3)2013年总体干扰度为0.587,芦山县中部以重度干扰为主,穿插一些轻度干扰,南部则以中度、重度和极重度干扰为主,人为干扰对景观格局破坏严重;2017总体干扰度为0.425,干扰分布呈现均匀化特征,中度、重度和极重度干扰区主要分布在中部和南部,沿河谷平原呈现带状分布;大量轻度和极轻度干扰区出现在北部、中部和南部、并开始包围极重度和重度区域,有逐渐"分解"重度和极重度区域的趋势;(4)2013至2017年,景观均匀性减弱,出现不同景观类型相互竞争、相互渗透交错的格局;优势景观具有较强的竞争力和辐射力,劣质景观要素被包围和分解;居住用地景观和工程建设用地景观处于景观权重核心地位,其辐射能力及辐射的稳定性强于其他景观,为其他景观格局变化提供源动力。
The change characteristics of landscape ecological pattern in Lushan county after the disaster reconstruction were studied by using GIS technology and landscape ecology method. The results are as follows.（1） After the earthquake, the post-disaster reconstruction has serious damage to the landscape structure, landscape changes and human disturbance are closely related, and the change of landscape pattern index is basically the same as that of human disturbance intensity.（2） In 2013, the construction land and residential land in the northern valley of Lushan increased gradually; bare mountain mainly concentrated in the south; woodland fragmentation was very serious; the cultivated land gradually spread to the central and northern valleys. In 2017, the bare mountain was drastically reduced; a large number of cultivated land in the south expanded into the north; residential land and construction land increased in the south of the region; wetland was reduced; grassland was mainly distributed in the northern mountainous areas; woodland area from north to south gradually was reduced.（3） The overall disturbance in 2013 was 0.587. Lushan county was mainly severed disturbance, and interspersed with some minor disturbance; the south was mainly moderate, severe and very serious disturbance human disturbance on the landscape pattern of serious damage. In 2017 the overall disturbance was 0.425. The disturbance distribution was homogenized; the moderate, severe and extremely severe disturbances were mainly distributed in the middle and south, along the valley plains; a large number of mild and extremely mild disturbances occurred in the northern, central and southern regions and began to encircle the very severe and severe regions, with the tendency to ＂decomposing＂ severe and extremely severe areas.（4） From 2013 to 2017, the landscape uniformity was weakened; there were different types of landscape competition; the advantage of the landscape had a strong competitive and radiation; vulnerable landscape elements were scattered, surrounded, decomposed; the landscape of residential land and the landscape of construction land were in the core of landscape weight, and the radiation ability and radiation stability were stronger than other landscapes, and provided the source power for other landscape pattern changes.
作者
彭勃
付永胜
PENG Bo;FU Yongsheng(Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 611756,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
2018年第4期178-187,共10页
Ecological Science
基金
四川省科技厅科技支撑项目(2014SZ0058)
四川省科技厅科技支撑项目(2015SZ0202)
关键词
人为干扰
灾后重建
芦山县
景观生态格局
human disturbance
disaster reconstruction
Lushan country
landscape ecological patterns
作者简介
彭勃（1986-），男，博士研究生，讲师，主要从事生态修复与景观生态格局研究，E-mail：56353309@qq.com。;通信作者：付永胜（1963-），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，主要从事环境评价与管理研究，E-mail：fuyosh@163.com
