摘要
CRISPR/Cas（clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas）基因编辑系统在生物体基因功能研究领域发挥着重要作用。CRISPR/Cas9作为典型的CRISPR/Cas基因编辑系统,自建立以来已在多个物种的基因组编辑中得以应用。近年来,Cpf1（也称为Cas12a）、Cas12b（也称为C2c1）、Cas13a（也称为C2c2）等新型Cas蛋白不断被发现和鉴定,进一步拓展了CRISPR/Cas系统的靶向范围,促进了CRISPR/Cas系统的应用。本文阐述新型CRISPR/Cas基因编辑系统与CRISPR/Cas9系统的区别以及利用新型CRISPR/Cas基因编辑系统进行生物体基因组编辑的研究进展,以期较为详细地了解CRISPR/Cpf1和CRISPR/Cas12b等新型CRISPR/Cas系统的特征、作用机制及应用优势,为更加高效地利用CRISPR/Cas系统对家蚕基因组进行编辑提供借鉴。
CRISPR/Cas（ clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated endonuclease Cas）gene editing system is an important tool in gene function analysis. CRISPR/Cas9,a typical CRISPR/Cas gene editing system,has been widely used for genome editing in various species since its establishment. In recent years,novel Cas proteins such as Cpf1（ also named Cas12 a）,Cas12 b（ also named C2 c1） and Cas13 a（ also named C2c2） have been discovered and identified,further expanding the targeting range and promoting application of CRISPR/Cas system. In this review,we discuss the differences between CRISPR/Cas and CRISPR/Cas system,and introduce recent advances in biological genome editing using the new CRISPR/Cas system. This will provide knowledge on characteristics,functional mechanisms,and advantages for application of CRISPR/Cpf1,CRISPR/Cas12 b and other new CRISPR/Cas systems,which will further provide references for efficient genome editing with CRISPR/Cas system in silkworm,Bombyx mori.
作者
张启超
刘龙海
陈旭
宋红生
Zhang Qichao;Liu Longhai;Chen Xu;Song Hongsheng(College of Life Sciences,Shanghai University,Shanghai 201900,China;Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China)
出处
《蚕业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期474-480,共7页
ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA
基金
上海市自然科学基金项目(No.16ZR1412300)
作者简介
张启超（1992-），男，硕士研究生。E-mail：18354226809@163．com;通信作者信息：宋红生，副教授。E-mail：hssong@shu．edu．cn
