摘要
于2016年选择方城县有人体囊尾蚴病分布的6个乡(镇)为调查点,随机设干预乡(杨集乡、博望乡和独树乡)和对照乡(二郎庙乡、杨楼乡和小史店乡),采用结构式问卷现场访问的形式对居民进行猪带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病防治知识、态度和行为的调查,分析不同性别、年龄和职业等人群特征与知识、态度、行为等的相关性,采用SPSS 22.0统计学软件进行统计分析。结果显示,居民猪带绦虫病和囊尾蚴病防治知识总知晓率为0.5%(13/2 399),干预乡与对照乡知晓率分别为0.6%(7/1 128)和0.5%(6/1 271),两者差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.65,P>0.05)。男性和女性知晓率分别为1.0%(11/1 179)和0.2%(2/1 320),两者差异有统计学意义(χ~2=8.30,P<0.01)。5个问题中,含囊尾蚴的猪肉与疾病相关性得分率最高,为61.3%(1471/2 399),其次为猪带绦虫病感染途径的1.3%(32/2 399),囊尾蚴病常见症状的0.8%(20/2 399)和绦虫大体形态的0.6%(15/2 399),囊尾蚴病感染途径得分率最低,为0.3%(7/2 399)。60岁以上人群食用过含囊尾蚴猪肉的百分比为7.9%(61/774),高于60岁以下人群的2.2%(36/1625)(χ~2=43.38,P<0.01)。养过猪的人群食用过含囊尾蚴猪肉的比例为33.5%(82/245),高于未养过猪的人群0.7%(15/2 154)(χ~2=608.97,P<0.01)。有食生或半生肉习惯的人群比例为20.3%(488/2 399),其中94.9%(463/488)是尝含生肉的饺子馅,女性尝饺子馅的人数比例为25.3%(334/1 320),高于男性12.0%(129/1 079)(χ~2=67.91,P<0.01)。烹饪时完全做到生熟分开的人群比例仅为3.5%(85/2 399)。尝含生肉的饺子馅、生熟不分是当地居民的主要不良行为习惯,加强防治知识宣教是今后试点工作重要措施之一。
Six towns in Fangcheng County, where taeniasis and cysticercosis cases were reported, were selected as the survey spots in 2016, accompanied by employment of towns with intervention（Yangji, Bowang and Dushu towns） or control（Erlangmiao, Yanglou and Xiaoshidian towns）. The KAP survey on taeniasis/cysticercosis was carried out in the manner of structured questionnairing, and results were analyzed by sex, age, and occupation using the SPSS 22.0 software. The total awareness rate of taeniasis/cysticercosis knowledge was 0.5%（13/2 399）, and there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention（0.6%, 7/1 128） and control towns（0.5%, 6/1 271）（χ-2= 0.65, P〈0.05）. The awareness rates in males and females were 1.0%（11/1 179） and 0.2%（2/1 320）,respectively（χ-2= 8.30, P〈0.01）. Among the five questions in the questionnaire, the question regarding knowledge on the correlation of cysticercus cellulosae-containing pork with diseases had the highest score rate（61.3%, 1 471/2 399）,followed by the infection route of taeniasis（1.3%, 32/2 399）, common symptoms of cysticercosis（0.8%, 20/2 399）and taenia basic morphology（0.6%, 15/2 399）, then the infection route of cysticercosis（0.3%, 7/2 399）. The percentage of residents who had eaten cysticercus-containing pork was 7.9%（61/774） in the age group of 60,significantly higher than that in the group of 60（2.2%, 36/1 625）（ χ-2= 43.38, P〈0.01）. And the percentage of those who once raised pigs was 33.5%（82/245）, significantly higher than that of those who did not（0.7%, 15/2 154）（χ-2= 608.97, P〈0.01）. The proportion of persons who had an eating habit for uncooked meat or incompletely-cooked meat was 20.3%（488/2 399）. Of them 94.9%（463/488） used to taste dumpling stuffing containing raw meat,and the females accounted for 25.3%（334/1 320）, significantly more than the males（12.0%, 129/1 079）（ χ-2=67.91, P〈0.01）. Only 3.5%（85/2 399） of the residents would completely separate the raw and the cooked meat during cooking. Tasting dumpling stuffing and mixing the raw and the cooked food together are the main risk behaviors in local residents. It is important to strengthen health education on taeniasis/cysticercosis.
作者
邓艳
张雅兰
李素华
陈伟奇
蔺西萌
陈曦
王庭柱
李蓬
张红卫
许汴利
DENG Yan;ZHANG Ya-lan;LI Su-hua;CHEN Wei-qi;LIN Xi-rneng;CHEN Xi;WANG Ting-zhu;LI Peng;ZHANG Hong-wei;XU bian-li(Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, China;Fangcheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fangcheng 473200, China;Nanyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanyang 473010, China)
出处
《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期242-245,共4页
Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases
基金
河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(No.201304052)~~
作者简介
通讯作者:许汴利,E-mail:bianlixu@163.com
