摘要
透过社会-技术范式视角,低碳转型是一个打破高碳锁定、从高碳的社会-技术范式向低碳的社会-技术范式转型的过程。这一过程是多要素参与、复杂、动态和长周期的。从多层视角来看,转型过程离不开三个层面的相互作用：利基（niche）培育了破坏式低碳创新,使之成为推动范式更迭的内在动量;地景（landscape）对高碳社会-技术范式施加压力,为低碳创新的成长提供了机会之窗;最终原先主导的高碳社会-技术范式瓦解,高碳＂锁定＂被打破,新的动态稳定的低碳社会-技术范式形成。中国汽车低碳交通转型的案例,说明了社会-技术范式及多层视角对上述复杂和不确定性过程进行认知和分析的有效性。相关行动者特别是政策制定者在引导低碳转型时,需要改变技术替代线性的认识论立场以及相应的政策手段,采用范式更替的认识论立场和转型策略。
Low carbon transition is a transition from high carbon socio-technical regime to low carbon socio-technical regime,which is a complex,dynamic and long period process accompanying participation of multi actors,breaking of high carbon ＂lock-in＂and reconfiguration of a new low carbon socio-technical regime. From the multi-level perspective there is a necessary mechanism occurring in three different levels： Shielding and nurturing disruptive low carbon innovation in niches as the internal momentum of transition;Outsider pressure from landscape making cracks in the dominant high carbon socio-technical regime to provide windows of opportunity for the development of low carbon niche; Eventually these lead to breaking up of the old regime and configuration and stabilization of a new one. The case of low carbon transition of automobile transport in China shows that multi-level perspective is a very useful and heuristic tool in analyzing such complex,dynamic and uncertain process. It is necessary for system builders especially government and policy makers to adopt such ontology to understand the coevolution process of low carbon transition and promote relevant policies.
作者
李平
LI Ping(Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;Centre of Science, Technology and Society, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
出处
《科学学研究》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期1000-1007,共8页
Studies in Science of Science
基金
国家社会科学基金青年项目(11CZX025)
关键词
社会-技术范式
低碳转型
碳锁定
汽车交通
socio - technical regime
low carbon transition
carbon lock - in
automobile traffic
作者简介
李平（1973-），男，安徽安庆人，副教授，博士，研究方向为低碳创新、STS。E-mail：liping．thu@hotmail．com。
