摘要
目的分析2012-2016年青海省炭疽流行病学特征,为下一步工作提供预防和控制依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2012-2016年全省炭疽病例疫情数据和个案调查表数据进行分析。结果青海省炭疽2016年发病数较2012年上升238.0%,男性多于女性,高发季节为7-11月,藏族发病最高,地市级医院报告最多,为41.7%;所有患者症状均有炭疽痈处瘙痒疼痛,主要在手指,发病到就诊时间平均为5.5 d,使用抗生素时间早于采样时间1.9 d,检出率较低(6.8%),感染方式主要为剥皮(46.1%),病死畜组织和炭疽痈渗出液检出率较高,分别为25.0%和5.8%。结论加大对地市级医院的监测力度,在使用抗生素前采样是提高检测率的关键,屠宰时应加强手部的防护。
Objective To analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of anthrax in Qinghai and provide scientific basis for anthrax prevention. Methods Descriptive epidemiology method was used to analyze the anthrax cases reported and individual cases investigated from 2012 to 2016. Results In 2016, the incidence of anthrax rises more than 238.0% from 2012, and the male outnumbered female. Anthrax was more common during July to November. The prevalence of anthrax was highest among Tibetan ethnicity. Municipal hospital reported the highest anthrax incidence rate of 41.7%. The main symptoms were anthrax abscess on the fingers. The average time from feeling ill to visiting hospital was 5.5 days. The therapeutic time of antibiotics was 1.9 day earlier than sample collection time. The positive rate was low（6.8%）. Peeling and eating dead animals were the main sources of infection（46.1%）. The positive rate of dead animal and carbuncle fluid were higher, being 25.0%and 5.8%. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance in municipal hospital. The key to detection is collecting sample before taking antibiotics, and strengthening individual defense.
作者
张华一
李永红
曹海兰
石燕
王卫军
徐立莉
ZHANG Hua-yi;LI Yong-hong;CAO Hai-lan;SHI Yan;WANG Wei-jun;XU Li-li(Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Qinghai, Xi＇ning, Qinghai 810000, China)
出处
《现代预防医学》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第10期1737-1739,共3页
Modern Preventive Medicine
关键词
炭疽
个案分析
病死畜处理
Anthrax
Individual cases
Management of carcasses
作者简介
张华一（1977-），男，硕士，副主任医师，研究方向：传染病预防控制
