摘要
中国产业创新发展应主要依靠哪类科技驱动、基础研究和其他科技类型相对重要性的判断、国家科技资金应向哪方面倾斜,依然是中国创新发展战略决策和实施要回答的重要命题。本文依据专利和产业分类间的关系将专利分为16类,并利用德温特专利数据进行比较分析,发现美国专利宏观结构变革呈现物理学领域最多,且它和信息技术领域专利数量远较其他类别专利多,产业技术、信息技术和物理学领域专利呈三足鼎立格局;除了产业技术、信息技术是产业创新发展的重要推动力外,产业的创新发展也越来越依赖基础研究领域的突破。但相比美国,中国产业技术,包括具体产业应用部门的技术和工艺作业类专利份额明显偏高,而信息技术领域偏低,物理学领域相对更低。中国产业的创新发展,不仅要依赖具体产业技术和工艺的突破,依赖信息技术,也还需要通过国家加强投入、鼓励引导企业参与等,大大加强基础研究。
The question that Which Kinds of ST Should be Strengthened to Drive Industry Innovation and Development in China is urgent to be answered. Based on the relationship between patent classification and industry classification,patents are classified as 16 categories,and comparative analysis is taken with the data from Derwent Innovations Index database. This paper finds that,in American macro patent structure,there are the most patents in physical field and information technology field; the patents in industry technology,information technology and physics technology appear the situation of tripartite confrontation; besides the industrial technology and information technology,the innovation-driven industry development has depended on the breakthrough in basic research increasingly. In China,the number of patents increases rapidly,but the patent share of industrid technology and process operation is higher,while that in information technology and physical field lower. Therefore,for the innovation-driven industry development in China,the government not only need emphasize the breakthrough of industry technology,information technology,but also need promote basic research by means of more input from government and participation of enterprises.
作者
乔为国
张玉
Qiao Weiguo;Zhang Yu(Institutes of Sciences and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;Sino-Danish College, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第6期67-74,共8页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
基金
中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院"国家创新发展总体思路与路线图研究"(Y201121Z01)
国家高端智库试点项目"全球经济竞争格局与中国创新发展(Y501141S09)"
关键词
产业创新发展
专利宏观结构
基础研究
Innovation-driven industry development
Macro patent structure
Basic research
作者简介
乔为国（1974-）,男,江苏泗阳人,经济学博士,副研究员;研究方向：创新与产业政策.
