摘要
岩溶断陷盆地是中国西南岩溶地区典型的生态脆弱区。其特殊的盆-山共存的地质分异构造制约着断陷盆地地貌演化过程和水土岩植的空间分异格局。为探明断陷盆地高原面土壤元素全量及有效态含量特征,以云南蒙自市断陷盆地高原面典型封闭落水洞小流域为研究对象,探讨了铜(Cu)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)、锌(Zn)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、钾(K)、钠(Na)、磷(P)、铝(Al)、铬(Cr)、钴(Co)、镍(Ni)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)等15种常量与微量土壤元素的含量及微量元素有效态含量特征。结果表明,(1)石漠化较为严重地区的元素全量和有效态含量均较为离散,这与石漠化区土壤空间异质性有较大关系;受裸露岩石的"聚集效应"影响,石漠化较严重地区元素全量和有效态含量平均值均较高。(2)pH值仅与Co和Pb的有效态含量呈正相关关系,与其他元素的相关关系不显著,这可能与土壤元素的溶解度随pH值上升而逐渐下降,而元素的固定和吸附却随土壤pH值的上升而增加有关。SOC和TN与9种微量元素的有效态含量之间的关系一致,除与Cr的有效态含量相关关系不显著之外,与其余8种元素的有效态含量之间均呈极显著正相关关系,这主要是因为微量元素能与有机化合物结合成分子量小、呈离子态、简单而可直接为植物所吸收的络合态。该研究结果可为阐明断陷盆地石漠化与地质环境分异协同演变的关系提供基础数据。
The karst fault basin is a typical ecological fragile area in karst area of Southwest China. The geologic differentiation structure of the special basin-mountain restricts the landform evolution process of the fault basin and the spatial pattern of the water, soil, rock and plants. In order to study the total and available contents of soil major and trace elements in the plateau of the fault basin, copper（Cu）, iron（Fe）, manganese（Mn）, zinc（Zn）, calcium（Ca）, magnesium（Mg）, potassium（K）, sodium（Na）, phosphorus（P）, aluminum（Al）, chromium（Cr）, cobalt（Co）, nickel（Ni）, cadmium（Cd） and lead（Pb） were studied in this paper. The results showed that,（1） The total and available contents of some elements were more discrete in more serious area of rocky dersertification, which was related to the spatial heterogeneity of the soil in the rocky desertification area. Affected by the ＂aggregation effect＂ of exposed rocks, the average values of the total and the available content of the elements in the more serious areas of rocky desertification were high.（2） The correlation between available contents of trace elements and p H, soil organic carbon（SOC） and total nitrogen（TN） respectively showed that p H value was positively related with Co and Pb while it was not significant among p H and other elements. This might follow soil elements solubility decreased with the increase of p H value, and the adsorption of elements increase with the increasing of p H value. Except Cr, the correlation between the available content of trace elements and the other 8 elements showed a significant positive correlation, this was mainly due to the trace elements and organic compounds in complex synthesis of small molecule that was a simple ion state could be directly absorbed by the plants. The results of this study can provide the basic data for clarifying the relationship between rocky desertification and geological and environmental differentiation in karst fault basin.
作者
杨慧
朱同彬
王修华
蒲俊兵
李建鸿
张陶
曹建华
YANG Hui;ZHU Tongbin;WANG Xiuhua;PU Junbing;LI Jianhong;ZHANG Tao;CAO Jianhua(Karst Dynamics Laboratory, Ministry of Land and Resources ＆ Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China;The International Research Center on Karst （IRCK） under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin541004, China;School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences （Beijing）, Beijing 100083, China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第5期859-865,共7页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家重点研发专项项目(2016YFC0502500)
国家重点研发专项课题(2016YFC0502501)
国家自然科学基金项目(41571203)
国家留学基金项目(201608450017)
广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科能1598023-1)
关键词
断陷盆地
元素
微量元素
石漠化
karst fault basin
elements
trace elements
rocky dersertification
作者简介
杨慧（1981年生）,女,副研究员,博士,主要从事岩溶区环境地质研究.E-mail：yanghui-kdl@karst.ac.cn;通信作者：曹建华（1963年生）,男,二级研究员,博士,主要从事岩溶区生物地球化学研究.E-mail：jhcaogl@karst.ac.cn
