摘要
目的探讨新型服务模式下不同年龄新婚人群的婚前检查意愿调查。方法选取2015年9月-2016年4月1 600例新婚人群为研究对象,按照年龄,将其均分为≤25岁、>25~30岁、>30~35岁、>35岁四组,采用自制调查问卷调查并分析新婚人群不同年龄组婚前检查意愿,提出针对性的干预对策。结果不同年龄组婚检调查问卷得分分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=76.190,P=0.000),>35岁新婚人群的婚检认知较≤25岁、>25~30岁、>30~35岁低(χ_1~2=53.517、χ_2~2=31.631、χ_3~2=24.555,P<0.007);不同年龄组婚前体检必要性认知情况分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=39.702,P=0.000),>35岁新婚人群认为婚检有必要的相对较≤25岁、>25~30岁、>30~35岁低(χ_1~2=31.634、χ_2~2=22.893、χ_3~2=14.875,P<0.007);81.38%(1 302例)愿意参与免费婚检,18.63%(298例)不愿意参与免费婚检。不同年龄组参加免费婚检意愿率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=38.285,P=0.000),其中,≤25岁愿意参加免费婚检率较>30~35岁及>35岁高(χ_1~2=15.885、χ_2~2=17.852,P<0.05),>25~30岁愿意参加免费婚检率较>30~35岁及>35岁高(χ_1~2=20.224、χ_2~2=22.418,P<0.007);愿意便于了解男女双方的健康状况、及时发现疾病、预防子代出生缺陷是愿意参与婚检的主要原因。觉得不重要、在单位常规体检过是不愿意参与婚检的主要原因;二分类logistic回归分析,结果发现:学历高(OR=0.056)、婚检重要性(OR=0.039)及必要性(OR=0.055)认识充分是愿意参加免费婚检的保护因素。害怕查出有病对方不结婚(OR=7.076)是愿意参加免费婚检的危险因素。结论新型服务模式下,年龄较低的新婚人群婚检意愿较高,新婚人群对于婚检认识还有待加强,规范婚检服务,加强宣传教育工作,促进婚检重要性及必要性认识,仍是今后工作的重点。
Objective To explore the willingness of premarital check-ups and its intervention countermeasures under a new service mode among newly-married persons with different ages in Futian District of Shenzhen City so as to put forward targeted intervention measures. Methods A total of 1,600 newly-married persons were selected as the research subjects from September 2015 to April 2016. They were divided into the age groups of ≤ 25 years,25-30 years,30-35 years and 35 years. A selfdesigned questionnaire survey was conducted to analyze the willingness of premarital check-ups. Results The distribution of scores of the questionnaire regarding premarital check-ups showed statistically significant differences among different age groups（ χ-2= 76.190,P = 0.000）,and the awareness of premarital check-ups was lower in the age group of 35 years than in the the age groups of ≤ 25 years,25-30 years and 30-35 years（ χ1^2= 53.517,χ2^2= 31.631,χ3^2= 24.555,P〈0.007）. The awareness of necessity of premarital check-ups in the age group of 35 years was relatively lower compared with the the age groups of ≤ 25 years,25-30 years and 30-35 years（ χ1^2= 31. 634,χ2^2= 22. 893,χ32= 14. 875,P〈0. 007）,presenting statistically significant differences among different age groups（ χ^2= 39.702,P = 0.000）. 1,302（ 81.38%） persons were willing to participate in free premarital check-ups,but 298（ 18. 63%） were unwilling to take part in the check-ups. The willingness rate of participating in free premarital check-ups was higher in the age group of ≤ 25 years than in the age groups of 30-35 years and 35 years（ χ1^2=15. 885,χ2^2= 17.852,P〈0.05） as well as higher in the age group of 25-30 years than in the age groups of 30-35 years and 35 years（ χ1^2= 20.224,χ2^2= 22.418,P〈0.007）,showing statistically significant differences（ χ^2= 38.285,P = 0.000）. The main reasons for inclining to participating in premarital check-ups were easily knowing the health status of both man and woman,timely discovering diseases and preventing birth defects of offspring. Feeling unimportant and undergoing routine physical examination in the unit were the major reasons for showing reluctance to undergo premarital check-ups. Binary classification logistic regression analysis showed that high educational degree（ OR = 0.056） and fully understanding the importance（ OR = 0.039） and necessity（ OR= 0.055） of premarital check-ups were the protective factors for inclining to participating in free premarital check-ups. Worrying about the partner not willing to get married when he/she received an abnormal health examination report（ OR = 7.076） was a risk factor for inclining to participating in free premarital check-ups. Conclusions The younger newly-married people＇s willingness of participating in premarital check-ups based on a new service mode is relatively high,but the newly-married people＇s awareness of premarital check-ups still needs to be strengthened. Standardizing the premarital medical examination service,enhancing the related publicity and education,and promoting the awareness towards importance and necessity of premarital check-ups are still the key points of work in future.
作者
厉晓萍
马健
邓扬
王芳
黄敏
葛福章
LI Xiao-ping, MA Jian, DENG Yang, WANG Fang, HUANG Min, GE Fu-zhang(Department of Gynecology, Women and Children Health Care Hospital of Futian District, Shenzhen , Guangdong 518045, Chin)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2018年第6期691-694,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
深圳市福田区卫生公益性科研项目(FTWS2015038)
关键词
新型服务模式
不同年龄
新婚人群
婚检意愿调查
new service mode
different ages
newly-married people
willingness of premarital check-ups
作者简介
厉晓萍（1975-），女，湖南新邵人，本科学历，副主任医师，主要从事妇女保健工作。
