摘要
As、Cd、Cu、Pb等重金属是废旧电子电器产品(电子垃圾)拆解过程释放的一类重要的有害化学物质.大米是电子垃圾拆解地居民主要的食物,大米中的重金属含量直接关系到当地居民的食品安全和健康风险.本研究测定了广东省清远市电子垃圾拆解地4个拆解点稻田土壤和稻米中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的含量水平,并评估了土壤中重金属的生态风险和当地居民食用大米中的重金属的健康风险.电子垃圾拆解地稻田土壤中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的平均含量分别为8.9~9.4、0.73~1.94、75~195和54~87 mg·kg^(-1),稻米中As、Cd、Cu和Pb的平均含量分别为0.11~0.17、0.11~0.66、7.54~21.6和0.27~0.42 mg·kg^(-1)(以稻米干重计).电子垃圾拆解地土壤和稻米中Cd、Cu和Pb的含量是对照区的2~15倍,但As的含量与对照区无显著性差异.土壤中重金属的生态风险评估结果显示,电子垃圾拆解地稻田土壤中的Cd具有极强生态风险.当地居民膳食暴露风险评估结果提示,电子垃圾拆解地当地居民大米中的Cd和Cu可能存在较高健康风险,且Cd具有较高的致癌风险.
Heavy metals such as As,Cd,Cu and Pb are an important class of hazardous chemicals that can be released from electronic waste（ e-waste）recycling. Rice is the main crop and staple food in the e-waste recycling sites,and heavy metal contents in rice is closely related to the food safety and human health risks for the local residents. In this study,the concentrations of As,Cd,Cu and Pb and its potential ecological and health risks were investigated in the paddy soil and rice grain samples collected from 4 sites of an e-waste recycling area located in Qingyuan City,Guangdong Province,China. Mean levels of As,Cd,Cu and Pb ranged 8.9 - 9.4,0.73 - 1.94,75 - 195 and 54 - 87 mg·kg^-1,respectively,in the paddy soils from the e-waste sites,and 0.11 - 0.17,0.11 - 0.66,7.54 - 21.6 and 0.27 - 0.42 ng·g-1 dry weight in rice grains,respectively. The concentrations of Cd,Cu and Pb in the paddy soils and rice grains from the e-waste recycling sites were 2 - 15 folds higher than those examined in the reference site; while the levels of As were not significantly different between the e-waste recycling sites and the reference site. Ecological risks assessment for heavy metals in the paddy soils from e-waste sites suggested a very high risk of Cd. Risk assessment for local resident of e-waste recycling sites indicated that the elevated levels of Cd and Cu in local rice might cause serious health effects through the ingestion of contaminated rice,and Cd might cause a relative high risk of cancer.
作者
吴江平
陈小云
韩义君
佘雅哲
罗孝俊
周守标
麦碧娴
WU Jiangping1,2, CHEN Xiaoyun1, HAN Yijun1, SHE Yazhe3, LUO Xiaojun3, ZHOU Shoubiao1,2, MAI Bixian3(1. Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Water and Soil Pollution Control and Remediation, Wuhu 241003; 2. College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241003 ;3. State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 51064)
出处
《环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第4期1628-1634,共7页
Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.41373105)
安徽师范大学博士科研启动项目(No.2017XJJ39)~~
作者简介
吴江平（1976-），男，E-mail：jpwu@ahnu．edu．cn;责任作者，E-mail：nancymai@gig．ac．cn责任作者简介：麦碧娴（1965-），女，广东顺德人，研究员．主要从事持久性有毒污染物的环境地球化学行为研究．获国家自然科学二等奖1项，发表论文100余篇，入选美国信息科学研究所基本科学指数（ESI）环境和生态高引用率科学家目录．
