摘要
目的了解北京老年医院住院老年患者的营养不良发生状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法使用自制问卷收集2014年9月—2016年8月在北京老年医院住院治疗的280例老年患者资料,采用微型营养评价法进行营养状况分类。结果 280例患者平均年龄为(77.4±9.6)岁,营养状况分别为:营养不良占13.6%(38/280)、营养不良高危状态占62.5%(187/280)、营养良好占23.9%(67/280),以上3个营养状态在年龄、身高、体重、体脂含量、个人月收入、以及除了胆固醇外的生化指标间的比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);日常生活活动能力量表总得分、工具性日常生活活动量表分项量表得分在年龄、个人月收入间的比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),多因素结果显示,年龄(OR=0.46,95%CI=0.53~0.79)、日常生活能力(OR=0.73,95%CI=0.46~0.86)、个人月收入(OR=4.75,95%CI=2.62~5.58)、白蛋白(OR=1.58,95%CI=1.17~3.62),是影响住院老年患者发生营养不良的重要影响因素。结论年龄越大、日常生活能力得分越高,发生营养不良的可能性越大;个人月收入和白蛋白值越高,发生营养不良的可能性越低,应多加关注以上影响因素,从而改善老年患者的营养状况,促进疾病康复。
[Objective] To understand the incidence of malnutrition among elderly inpatients in Beijing Geriatric Hospitals,explore the influencing factors.[Methods]The self-designed questionnaire was used to collect information on 280 cases of elderly inpatients in Beijing Geriatric Hospital from September 2014 to August 2016,and their nutritional status was classified by micro-nutritive evaluation.[Results]The average age of 280 inpatients was（77.4±9.6）years old,and their nutritional status was as follows： mal-nutrition,high-risk state of malnutrition and good nutrition accounted for 13.6%,62.5% and 23.9%,respectively. There were statistically significant differences in age,height,body weight,body fat content,personal monthly income and biochemical indexes（except cholesterol） among three trophic states groups（P〈0.05）. The differences in total score of Activity of Daily Living Scale（ADL）and sub-scale score of Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale（IADL）were statistically significant among different groups in age and personal monthly income（P〈0.05）. Multivariate analysis showed that age（OR =0.46,95%CI=0.53-0.79）,daily living ability（OR =0.73,95% CI =0.46-0.86）,personal monthly income（OR =4.75,95% CI =2.62-5.58）and albumin（OR =1.58,95% CI =1.17-3.62） were the important influencing factor of malnutrition in elderly inpatients.[Conclusion]The older the age,the higher the score of daily living ability,the greater the possibility of malnutrition. It is necessary to pay more attention to the above factors to improve the nutritional status of elderly patients and promote disease rehabilitation.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2017年第23期3279-3283,共5页
Occupation and Health
关键词
老年医院
老年患者
营养不良
影响因素
Geriatric hospital
Elderly patients
Malnutrition
Influencing factors
作者简介
王垚，女，副主任医师，主要从事老年临床医学工作。
