摘要
为了明确河北平原地区强筋小麦适宜的灌溉措施和施氮量,以强筋冬小麦品种藁优2018为试材,于2015~2016年在河北农业大学清苑试验站和辛集试验站同时进行试验。采用二因素裂区试验设计,研究了不同灌水措施[小麦生育期不灌水、灌1水(拔节水)、灌2水(拔节水+扬花水),依次用W0、W1、W2表示,每次灌水量均为60 mm]与施氮量(N施用量0、120和240 kg/hm^2,依次用N0、N120、N240表示)对小麦干物质积累量和产量的影响。结果表明:灌水措施对小麦的干物质积累量和产量影响较大,随着灌水措施水平的提高,2个试点小麦成熟期的干物质积累量以及开花后干物质的积累量和对籽粒的贡献率均逐渐增加,产量明显提高;施氮量对小麦干物质积累量和产量的影响相对较小,但是2个试点小麦成熟期的干物质积累量、开花后干物质的积累量和产量均表现为施氮处理高于不施氮处理,其中,N120与N240处理的指标差异均不显著。一般年份,春季灌溉2次(拔节水+扬花水)、全生育期施用氮肥(N)120~240 kg/hm^2可以获得较高产量。
In order to clarify the suitable irrigation Plain, the field experiments were conducted during of Hebei Agricultural University from 2015 to 2016, measure and nitrogen rate for growing season at Xinji and strong gluten wheat in Hebei Qingyuan experimental stations using a strong gluten winter wheat cultivar Gaoyou 2018 as material. The experiments were designed as spilt plot gating once at jointing stage, and irrigating twice at arrangement, with irrigation frequency （no irrigation, irri- jointing and flowering stages, expressed by W0, W1 and W2, respectively） as the main plots, and nitrogen rate （0, 120 and 240 kg/hm2, expressed by No, N120 and N^o, respectively） as the split plots. The effects of irrigation and nitrogen treatments on the dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat were studied. The results showed that the effects of irrigation on the dry matter accumulation amount and yield of wheat were all significant. With the increase of irrigation frequency, the dry matter accumula- tion amount at maturity and after flowering increased in the two sites, as well as the contribution rate to grain, and the yield significandy increased. The nitrogen rate had less impact on the dry matter accumulation amount and yield of wheat, while the dry matter accumulation amount at maturity and after flowering and the grain yield of N120 and N240 treatments were higher than that of No treatment in 2 sites, although all the parameters above were insignificant between N120 and N240 High yield of wheat could be achieved with spring irrigations at jointing and flowering stages, and total N amount of in normal precipitation years.
出处
《河北农业科学》
2017年第5期10-17,30,共9页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-3-2-3)
关键词
冬小麦
灌水次数
施氮量
干物质积累量
产量
Winter wheat
Irrigation trogen rate
Dry matter accumulation
120-240 kg/hm2 frequency
Ni- Yield
作者简介
通讯作者 李浩然（1986-），男，河北河间人，实习研究员，主要从事小麦栽培研究。E—mail：lihaoran612@126．com。;通讯作者 李瑞奇（1969-），男，河北藁城人，教授，主要从事作物高产优质生态生理研究。E-mail：li-rq69@163．com
