摘要
以色列是世界上首个公开使用"定点清除"并将之合法化的国家。面对愈演愈烈的"恐怖主义"活动,以色列将秘密报复式的"定点清除"行为转变为公开的预防性反恐行动。虽然以色列通过"以色列反对酷刑公共委员会诉以色列政府"案判例赋予"定点清除"行为以合法地位,但"定点清除"在有效性与国际法层面仍存在争议。作为反恐手段,学界对"定点清除"在打击"恐怖主义"有效性和提升以色列国内安全程度方面评价不一。"定点清除"的国际法框架适用尚缺乏共识;规范"定点清除"行为的上述判例对"直接参与"、"在直接参与敌对行动的时间里"等条件的解释和在具体情形认定上也较国际人道法原则更为宽泛,成为"定点清除"在实践上面临的制约因素。
Israel is the first country in the world that openly uses and legalizes the targeted killing.With escalating "terrorist " activities,Israel's policy of targeted killing has moved through strategic changes from private reprisal to open and "preventive " actions against Palestinian militants. Even though the Public Committee Against Torture in Israel vs. the Government of Israel( PCATI) legalizes and standardizes targeted killing,the effectiveness and legitimacy of targeted killing in international laws are still controversial. As a policy of counterterrorism,targeted killing's role in precisely targeting militants,destroying specific militant organizations and ensuring a safer environment in Israel is under question. In addition,there is lack of consensus in the framew ork of international law s towhich targeted killing should apply. Also,PCATI enlarges the definition of "takes a direct part"and"for such time",and it is hard to act according to the rules of PCATI in reality.
出处
《阿拉伯世界研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期73-85,119-120,共13页
Arab World Studies
作者简介
吴昊昙，北京大学国际关系学院2016级博士研究生（北京100871）。
