摘要
绿眼赛茧蜂Zele chlorophthalmus(Spinola)是寄生于草地螟Loxostege sticticalis L.幼虫的内寄生蜂,目前国内外对其生物学特性尚无报道。为了阐明绿眼赛茧蜂的生物学特性及其对草地螟的控制作用,本文在(23±1)℃、RH 70%±5%、光周期16L:8D的条件下测定了其发育历期、茧重、羽化和交配习性、成虫产卵、寄生能力和寿命,明确了其对寄主幼虫的功能反应及其对寄主幼虫的影响作用。结果表明,绿眼赛茧蜂卵-幼虫期为14.7 d,预蛹和蛹期为14.5 d,世代历期30.1 d,平均茧重18 mg。成虫羽化多集中在06:00―14:00,雄虫比雌虫早羽化2 d。成虫羽化当日即可交配,交配持续时间在59~168 s。成虫交配后很快产卵。雌蜂平均产卵历期10.8 d、产卵量为104粒,产卵高峰分别为羽化后的第3 d和第7 d。雌、雄蜂寿命分别为15.2和19.0 d。在5、10、15、20、25和30头/瓶(650 m L)密度下,绿眼赛茧蜂的寄生量随草地螟幼虫密度的增加而升高,但寄生率随寄主幼虫密度的增加而下降,对寄主幼虫密度的反应属HollingⅡ型。寄生后第1 d,寄主幼虫与未寄生幼虫的大小体重差异不显著,但在寄生后的第6 d和第12 d,前者的大小体重均显著小于后者的。另外,寄主幼虫的取食量比未寄生幼虫的少了约30%,且差异显著。这些研究结果与其他寄生蜂的生物学特性及对寄主种群的控害作用进行了比较分析,为研发绿眼赛茧蜂的室内繁殖和田间保护利用技术,以及评价其对草地螟的控害能力提供了重要的依据。
Zele chlorophthalmus（Spinola）（Hymenoptera： Braconidae） is a solitary endo-parasitoid of larval beet webworm, Loxostege sticticalis L.（Lepidoptera： Crambidae）. Life history characteristics and bio-control potential of this parasitoid were investigated at 23 ℃, RH 70%±5%, and photoperiod of 16 L：8 D by using the 3 rd instar L. sticticalis as host. Our results showed that Z. chlorophthalmus needed 14.7, 14.5 and 30.1 days, respectively, to complete development of egg and larvae, pre-pupae and pupae, and full generation. Cocoon weighed 18 mg in average. Adults emerged predominantly from 06：00 to 14：00 h during a day and male adults emerged 2 days earlier than females. Females mated soon after emergence with a mating duration of 59-168 s. Oviposition/parasitization began soon after mating and peaked at the 3 rd and 7 th day during the 11 days of oviposition period. Totally, 104 larvae could be successfully parasitized by a female during her 15.2 day lifespan, which was shorter than males（19.0 days）. Number of host larvae parasitized by Z. chlorophthalmus increased while parasitism rate decreasedwith host density increased from 5 to 30 larvae/650 m L jar, which could be well described by the model of Holling typeⅡ. Head width, body length and weight of the host larvae at 6 th and 12 th days after parasitization, and total food consumed by the parasitized host were significantly less than those of the unparasitized larvae. The biology and bio-control potential of Z. chlorophthalmus were finally compared and discussed with other wasp species, especially those parasitizing L. sticticalis.
出处
《中国生物防治学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期803-810,共8页
Chinese Journal of Biological Control
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303057)
国家国际科技合作专项(2014DFR31250)
国家自然科学基金(31672019
31371947
31301656)
关键词
绿眼赛茧蜂
草地螟
生物学
寄生率
功能反应
Zele chlorophthalmus
Loxostege sticticalis
biological characteristics
parasitism rate
functionalresponses
作者简介
李倩，硕士研究生，E-mail：liqian362771034@163．com；;通信作者，研究员，E-mail：lzluo@ippcaas．cn。
