摘要
药物代谢动力学是应用动力学原理研究药物在动物体内的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄过程规律的一门学科。水产动物药物代谢残留研究是制定最大残留限量(maximum residue limit,MRL)和休药期(withdrawal time,WDT)的基础。中国现已开展了不少水产动物药物代谢残留研究,但创新发展方向尚不够明确。本文阐明药物残留超标是中国水产品质量安全的主要问题之一,介绍并说明了现有药物残留监管体系的不足及原因,概述了生理药动学模型的起源及其在药物残留规律外推和预测上的功能、优势及发展历程,综述了其在畜牧和水产领域的研究现状,在此基础上,立足于中国水产养殖产业现状、质量安全现状和监管需求,从药物残留预测角度,指出并构想未来中国水产动物药物代谢残留研究与创新发展的方向:研究建立基于PBPK模型的水产动物药物代谢残留预测方法和技术。
Pharmacokinetics is a science that studies the law of the dynamics of the absorption, distribution, and metabolism and excretion processes of drugs in animals by applying kinetic principles. For food safety, the study of drug metabolic residues in aquatic animals is the basis for developing maximum residue limits （MRL） and withdrawal periods （WDT）. Many studies have been carried out on the residue metabolism of aquatic animals in China. However, there is still unclear for the direction of innovation and development. The paper elucidated that exceeding standard of drug residue is one of the main problems in the quality and safety of aquatic products in China, after that, the shortcomings of monitoring system on existing drug residues were introduced and explained. The origin of physiological pharmacokinetic model and its function, advantage and development process in extrapolation and prediction of drug residue regularity were also summarized. Moreover, the research progress of them in animal husbandry and fishery was also reviewed. Based on the status of aquaculture industry, food quality and safety and supervision requirements, the authors pointed out and envisaged the direction of future research and innovation for aquatic animal drug metabolism： study on the prediction method and technique for drug residues in aquatic animals based on PBPK model.
出处
《中国渔业质量与标准》
2017年第6期42-47,共6页
Chinese Fishery Quality and Standards
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-46)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2016ZD12)
关键词
水产动物
药物残留
预测技术
PBPK模型
aquatic animals
drug residues
prediction techniques
physiologically based pharmacokinetics（PBPK） model
作者简介
程波（1981-），男，博士，副研究员，研究方向为水产品质量安全过程控制与管理，chengb@cafs．ac．cn;通信作者：宋怿，研究员，研究方向为水产品质量安全，songyi@cafs．ac．cn
