摘要
目的:寻找缓解杭白菊连作障碍的方法并阐明其缓解障碍的微生态机制。方法:实验分为6组,即连作组、轮作组、蚕沙发酵肥组、蚕沙未发酵肥组、市售菌肥组及石灰组,于收获期统计杭白菊的存活率、产量、株高以及分枝数,采用Miseq测序技术对6个处理组的杭白菊根际土壤细菌群落多样性及结构进行分析。结果:连作杭白菊的存活率、产量、株高以及分枝数均为最低;土壤酸化严重,p H仅4.79;根际土壤酶活性及细菌多样性水平也最低。而施用蚕沙发酵肥、蚕沙未发酵肥、市售三矩灌金液菌肥、石灰均能有效改善白菊连作障碍,其存活率、产量、株高以及分枝数显著提高。比较土壤理化性质后发现,无论是施用菌肥还是石灰,土壤p H、酶活性以及细菌多样性水平均显著上升,有机质含量则没有显著性差异。比对前20个优势菌属发现,3个菌肥组中的优势菌属种类差异不大,主要表现在含量上的差异。菌肥的施用促进了土壤中一些优势细菌类群数量的增长,如Gp1、Rhizomicrobium、Pseudolabrys、Gp2、Burkholderia、Bradyrhizobium、Devosia、Bacillus、Sphingomonas、Chitinophaga等,其中Devosia、Bradyrhizobium、Bacillus、Burkholderia、Sphingomonas与Chitinophaga均是益生菌。石灰组中的细菌组成与菌肥组差异较大,其中一些益生菌如Arthrobacter、Paenibacillus、Nitrosospira、Ohtaekwangia、Tepidamorphus、Dongia仅在石灰组中特有。结论:无论施肥还是改变土壤p H均可提高杭白菊产量,增加存活率,其微生态机制主要是通过提高土壤p H、酶活性以及细菌多样性水平,增加有益菌的种类和数量,从而达到缓解杭白菊连作障碍的作用。
Objective：To investigate the way to alleviate the replant disease of Chrysanthemum morifolium, and to explore its microecological mechanism. Methods：The experiment was divided into six groups, continuous cropping group, rotation group, silkworm fermented fertilizer group, silkworm excrement group, commercial fertilizer group and lime group. The survival rate, yield, plant height and the number of branches were analyzed, and the rbizosphere soil bacterial community diversity and structure of Chrysanthemum morifolium were analyzed by Miseq sequencing technique. Results：The survival rate, yield, plant height and the number of branches were the low- est, and the soil acidification was severe, the pH was 4. 79, and the rhizophere soil enzyme activity and bacterial diversity was the low- est. The survival rate,yield, plant height and branches number of the Chrysanthemum morifolium were significantly improved by the application of silkworm fermented fertilizer, silkworm excrement, commercial fertilizer and lime. Compared with the physical and chemical properties of soil, there was no significant difference in organic matter content between the application of bacterial fertilizer and lime, while the soil pH, enzyme activity and bacterial diversity were increased significantly. Compared with the top 20 dominant species, there was no significant difference in the dominant species of three fertilization groups, mainly in the content difference. The application of fer- tilizers promoted the growth of some dominant bacterial groups in the soil, such as Gpl ,Rhizomicrobium,Pseudolabrys, Gp2 ,Burkholde- ria, Bradyrhizobium, Devosia, Bacillus, Sphingomonas, Chitinophaga, among them Devosia, Bradyrhizobium, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Sphin- gomonas and Chitinophaga are probiotics. The bacterial composition in the lime group was different from that in the bacterial fertilizer group. Some of the probiotics such as Arthrobacter,Paenibacillus ,Nitrosospira, Ohtaekwangia, Tepidamorphus and Dongia were only pres- ent in the lime group. Conclusion ： Whether the fertilization or the change of soil pH can improve the yield and increase the survival rate of Chrysanthemum morifolium,the microecological mechanism is mainly to improve the soil pH,enzyme activity and bacterial diversity, increase the number and quantity of beneficial bacteria, and then to achieve the effect of alleviating the obstruction of Chrysanthemum morifolium.
出处
《中药材》
CAS
北大核心
2017年第4期762-768,共7页
Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials
基金
浙江省自然科学基金(LY16H280006)
关键词
杭白菊
Miseq测序
根际微生物
连作
蚕沙发酵有机肥
Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.
Miseq sequencing
Rhizo-microbe
Continuous cropping
Silkworm fermented fertilizer
作者简介
倪方方（1990-），女，在读硕士研究生，专业方向：微生物与生化药学；E-mail：641534898@qq．com。;通讯作者：袁小凤，Tel：057146633051，E-mail：sjyxf．ok@163．com。
