摘要
目的:探讨孕妇个体化营养指导对妊娠并发症及围产结局的影响。方法:选取本院2015年7月—2017年7月685例健康初产妇为研究对象,以定期常规产检的同时接受个体化营养指导的298例作为指导组,同期接受常规产检而未接受营养指导的387例为对照组,比较两组妊娠并发症及围产结局等相关指标,并分析孕妇孕期不同阶段体成分变化。结果:指导组孕妇孕期体重增长正常率显著高于对照组(P<0.01),其中指导组有283例(95%)在推荐范围内,而对照组有282例(72.9%)在推荐范围内;孕妇孕期体重增长值与胎儿出生体重呈正相关性(r=0.664,P<0.01)。指导组妊娠并发症发生率、剖宫产率、早产率、巨大儿发生率、低体重儿发生率等均低于对照组(P<0.05);而胎膜早破、前置胎盘及产后出血发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。孕晚期对照组孕妇体成分(总水分、矿物质、脂肪及骨骼肌等)较指导组显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:孕期予以个体化营养指导可有效降低妊娠并发症,明显改善围产结局,值得临床推广应用。
Objective： To explore the influence of individualized nutrition instruction for pregnant women on pregnancy complications and perinatal outcomes. Methods： 685 healthy primipara were recruited from outpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University between July 2015 and July 2017. All the pregnant women received regular antenatal care, and among them, 298 pregnant women who had received individualized diretary in- struction were in intervention group. The other 387 pregnant women were in control group. The rate of pregnancy complications and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women were compared between the two groups. Results： 283 pregnant women （95 %） in intervention group had normal weight gain（in the scope of the recommended）, which was significant higher than that of 282 pregnant women （72.9%） in control group （P〈 0.01）. There was a significant positive rela-tionship between weight gain of women during pregnancy and fetal birth weight （r = 0.664, P %0.01）. The rate of pregnancy complications, rate of cesarean section rate, rate of preterm birth, rate of macrosomia and rate of low birth weight infant of women intervention group were all significant lower than those of women in control group （P〈0.05）. But there were no significant difference in the incidence of premature rupture of membranes, preplacental placenta and postpartum bleeding （P〉0.05）. At third trimester, the body composition （total water, mineral, fat and skeletal muscle） of pregnant women in control group was significantly increased compared to that of women in intervention group （P〈0.05）, but the body composition of women had no significant difference between the two groups before pregnancy and at first trimester. Conclusion： Individualized dietary instruction of pregnant women during pregnancy can effectively reduce the complications of pregnancy and improve the perinatal outcomes, which is worthy clinical application.
出处
《中国计划生育学杂志》
2017年第11期768-771,775,共5页
Chinese Journal of Family Planning
关键词
个体化营养指导
妊娠并发症
围产结局
Individualized nutrition instruction
Pregnancy complications
Perinatal outcomes
作者简介
通讯作者：wujiemd@126．com
