摘要
日本食蚧蚜小蜂Coccophagus japonicus Compere是橡副珠蜡蚧Parasaissetia nigra Nietner的重要寄生性天敌。为探明影响该蜂交配的因子,本试验在不同温度、光周期、雄蜂日龄及雌、雄蜂比例等条件下研究了日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配率。结果表明:温度为24℃时的交配率最高为93.25%,18℃、15℃的交配率分别为71.5%、43.25%;24℃-30℃范围内,该蜂的交配率无显著差异。光周期为12 L∶12 D时日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配率最大,为91.75%;0 L∶24 D时交配率最低,仅为13.5%。随着雄蜂日龄增加,日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配率呈下降趋势,羽化当天的雄蜂交配率最高,为91.75%,羽化12 d后的交配率最低,仅为48.5%。雌、雄比例为1∶3时,交配率最高,为73.25%,雌、雄比例为1∶5时,交配率最低,为65%。综上所述,温度、光周期、雄蜂日龄等对日本食蚧蚜小蜂的交配率影响明显,扩繁时在温度24℃-27℃、光周期12 L∶12 D条件下选用日龄为0-8 d的雄蜂可以显著提高小蜂交配率,提升扩繁效果。
Coccophagus japonicus Compere is a dominant parasitoid of Parasaissetia nigra Nietner. In order to clarify the affecting factors of mating of C. japonicus, we evaluated the effects of temperature, photoperiod, age of the male parasitoids and proportion of the male and female parasitoids on the mating rates of C. japonicas. The results showed that the mating rate （93. 25%） was highest at 24℃. At 18℃ and 15℃, the mating rate were 71. 5% and 43. 25%, respectively. No significant differences were found among these temperatures ranged from 24℃ to 30℃. At the photoperiod of 12 L：12 D, the mating rate was highest, which was 91. 75%. The lowest mating rate （13. 5%） was observed at the photoperiod of 24 L：0 D. The results also showed that the mating rate decreased with the age of male parasitoid increased. The mating rate of newly emerged males was 91. 75%, the mating rate of thirteen day-old males was only 48. 5%. At sex ratio of 1♀：3♂ and 1♀：5♂, the mating rate reached maximum （ 73. 25%） and minimum （65. 0%） . In conclusion, temperature, photoperiod, male C. japonicas age significantly affected the mating rate. The 0 to 8 day-old male C. japonicas reared at the range of 24℃ to 27℃ with 12 L：12 D photoperiod can significantly enhance the mating rate and mass-rearing efficency of C. japonicas.
出处
《环境昆虫学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期1135-1141,共7页
Journal of Environmental Entomology
基金
天然橡胶产业技术体系(CARS-34-BC2)
南亚办项目(151721301082352712)
热科院基本业务费(1630042017002)
海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2017041)
作者简介
沈顺章，男，硕士研究生，E-mail：1204978996@qq．com
通讯作者Author for correspondence，E-mail：5477750@qq．com
