摘要
为了解决平和县琯溪蜜柚过度种植,化肥、农药滥用导致环境污染的问题。通过实地调查与室内分析相结合的方法,调查了平和县琯溪蜜柚不同施肥状况山地果园径流氮磷含量情况。结果表明:(1)一年间果园径流磷含量(总磷和可溶磷含量)和氮含量(总氮、可溶性总氮、硝态氮、氨态氮含量)都有逐渐降低的态势,分别大于不同试验区汇水含量(山塘水、沟水、溪水和九龙江水);(2)径流N/P都大于6.5,果园径流磷含量为富营养化限制因素;果园径流硝态氮含量低于饮用水限制含量(10 mg/L);(3)试验区汇水全年总磷含量分别为0.403、0.280、0.503、0.417 mg/L,基本大于Ⅲ类水质要求(0.3 mg/L),全年氨氮含量分别为0.14、0.20、0.44、0.10 mg/L,达到Ⅱ类水质要求,总氮含量分别为3.77、3.49、3.89、3.38 mg/L,都大于Ⅴ类水质要求2.0 mg/L。果园径流总体上都达不到地表水环境质量标准要求,直接排放会产生水体富营养化。
To solve the environmental problems caused by excessive cultivation,application of fertilizer and pesticide in Guanxi pomelo orchard of Pinghe,we investigated the runoff N and P content under different fertilizations by field investigation and indoor analysis in mountain orchards of Pinghe.The results showed that：the content of runoff N（total nitrogen,soluble nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen） and P（total phosphorus and soluble phosphorus）decreased, and was greater than the catchment content of different experimental zones respectively（hilly pond,ditch,stream and Jiulong river）;（2）garden runoff N/P was greater than 6.5,phosphorus content was the limiting factor of eutrophication;nitrate content in orchard runoff was lower than the content restriction for drinking water（10 mg/L）;（3）the yearly total phosphorus content of experimental zone catchment was 0.403,0.280,0.503,0.417 mg/L,respectively,basically higher thanⅢclass water quality requirements（0.3 mg/L）;the annual ammonia nitrogen content was 0.14,0.20,0.44,0.10 mg/L,respectively,which achievedⅡclass water quality requirements;the total nitrogen content was 3.77,3.49,3.89,3.38 mg/L,respectively,all higher thanⅤclass water quality requirements of 2.0 mg/L.In general,orchard runoff can not meet the surface water environmental quality st and ards, and direct discharge will produce water eutrophication.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第27期117-123,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项"带状生草对不同施肥水平果园面源污染控制效果的研究"(2013GY03)
"琯溪蜜柚果园适用溶磷菌的筛选与应用"(2015R1028-1)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27-04B)
关键词
琯溪蜜柚
山地果园
立地条件
径流
氮
磷
Guanxi pomelo
mountain orchard
site conditions
runoff
nitrogen
phosphorus
作者简介
李发林，男，1972年出生，副研究员，硕士，主要从事农业土壤资源合理利用研究。E—mail：13806904861@163．com。
通讯作者：郑涛，男，1982年出生，助理研究员，硕士，主要从事植物栽培、生理生化研究。E—mail：jagy1203@163．com。
