摘要
目的探讨疾病信念、元认知与健康焦虑之间的关系。方法采用简版健康焦虑量表（SHAI）、健康焦虑元认知量表（MAQ—HA）和身体一健康认知量表（CABAH）对914名医学生进行问卷调查。结果（1）914名医学生中24．07％的学生存在健康焦虑，女医学生健康焦虑评分[（11．6±4_8）分]与男医学生健康焦虑评分[（11．1±5．2）分]差异无统计学意义（t=-1．55，P〉0．05），不同年级的医学生在健康焦虑上差异有统计学意义（F=8．83，P〈0．01）；②元认知和疾病信念中的灾难化误解、自主感知、体弱、不耐受躯体疾病与健康焦虑有显著正相关（r=0．253～0．474，均P〈0．01），疾病信念中健康习惯与健康焦虑有显著负相关（r=-0．131，P〈0．01）。元认知与疾病信念（灾难化误解、自主感知、体弱、不耐受躯体疾病）呈显著正相关（r=0．212～0．296，均P〈0．01）；③结构方程模型分析显示：疾病信念对元认知有显著影响（β=0．40），元认知对健康焦虑存在直接作用（β=0．33），元认知在疾病信念和健康焦虑之间起部分中介作用（解释总效应的36．7％）。结论疾病信念直接影响健康焦虑，同时又通过元认知对其产生间接影响。
Objective To explore the relationship of disease conviction and metacognition with health anxiety in medical students. Methods A total of 914 medical students were assessed by the Metaeognitions about health anxiety questionnaire（MAQ-HA） ,short health anxiety inventory（SHAI） and the cognitions about body and health questionnaire （CABAH）. Results （1）24.07% of medical students were reported to have health anxiety.There were no significant differences between female medical students＇ health anxiety （11.6±4.8） and male medical students＇ health anxiety （11.1 ± 5.2）. There were significant differences in health anxiety among medical students of different grades. （2）The catastrophizing interpretation of bodily complaints ,autonomic sensations ,bodily weakness, intolerance of bodily complaints and metacognition were sig- nificantly positive correlated with the health anxiety （r= 0.253-0.474, P〈0.01 ）, and the health habits of disease conviction were significantly negative correlated with the health anxiety. In addition to health habits （r= -0.131, P〈 0.01 ）. Disease convictions （ The catastrophizing interpretation of bodily complaints, autonomic sensations ,bodily weakness,intolerance of bodily complaints ） were significantly positive correlated with the metacognition（r= 0.212-0.296,P〈0.01 ）.（3）Structural equation model analysis showed that disease conviction had a positive influence on metacognition（β= 0.40）.Metacognition had a positive influence on health anxiety （β = 0. 33 ）, and an mediating effect made by metacognition counted 36. 7% of the total effect. Conclusion Disease conviction can directly affect health anxiety, and also indirectly influence it through metacognition.
出处
《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第9期843-846,共4页
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science
基金
湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目（14TWB44）
关键词
元认知
疾病信念
健康焦虑
Metacognition
Disease conviction
Health anxiety
作者简介
通信作者：邓云龙Email：deng0087@126．com
