摘要
【目的】明确重要生态因素对暗黑鳃金龟Holotrichia parallela幼虫种群的影响,从而为预测预报其发生提供理论依据。【方法】在室内采用自动控制温度、人工控制湿度的方法,观察温度、湿度和食物对暗黑鳃金龟幼虫存活率及发育历期的影响。【结果】结果表明,20~28℃适宜暗黑鳃金龟1-2龄幼虫的存活,其中24℃时存活率最高,达到74.9%±3.1%;12℃时发育历期最长,32℃时发育历期最短,20℃和24℃下发育历期适中。土壤含水量为7%~19%时暗黑鳃金龟1-2龄幼虫均能存活;其中在7%和19%时,幼虫存活率低于50%,在25%时幼虫全部死亡;在土壤含水量为16%时存活率最高,达到76.4%±2.5%。在供试的6种食物(小麦根、玉米根、棉花根、花生根、大豆根和马铃薯块)中,喂饲花生根的暗黑鳃金龟幼虫存活率最高,达到68.7%±3.2%。取食不同食物的幼虫发育历期差异显著,其中取食花生根的暗黑鳃金龟幼虫期最短,整个幼虫期仅为259 d(3龄幼虫期为227 d);而取食棉花根的幼虫期最长,整个幼虫期为346 d(3龄幼虫期为303 d)。【结论】温度、土壤含水量和食物对暗黑鳃金龟幼虫的存活和生长发育均具有显著影响;在幼虫期调控温湿度及改变其寄主植物结构可有效控制其发生危害。
【Aim】This study aims to reveal the impacts of the key ecological factors on the larvae of the large black chafer Holotrichia parallela so as to provide the theoretical basis for forecasting its occurrence.【Methods】By automatically controlling the temperature and manually adjusting the moisture,the effects of temperature,soil water content and food on the survival rates and developmental duration of H.parallela larvae were observed in the laboratory. 【Results 】 The results showed that the optimum temperature range for the survival of H. parallela larvae was between 20℃ and 28℃,and the highest survival rate（ 74. 9% ± 3. 1%） was obtained at 24℃. The developmental duration was the longest at12℃,the shortest at 32℃,and moderate at 20℃ and 24℃. Both the 1st and 2nd instar larvae could survive when the soil water content was between 7% and 19%. The highest survival rate（ 76. 4% ±2. 5%） was observed when the soil water content was 16%. However,the survival rates were less than50% when the soil water contents were 7% and 19%,but none survived when the soil water content was25%. When H. parallela larvae were fed on the six tested foods including wheat root,maize root,cotton root,peanut root,soybean root and potato slices,respectively,the survival rate of the larvae fed onpeanut roots was the highest（ 68. 7% ± 3. 2%）. The larvae fed on different diets showed significant differences in the developmental duration,the developmental duration of the larvae fed on peanut roots was the shortest（ only 259 d,including 227 d of the 3rd instar larval duration）,while that of the larvae fed on cotton roots was the longest（ 346 d,including about 303 d of the 3rd instar larval duration）.【Conclusion】Temperature,soil water content and food all have significant influences on the survival and development of H. parallela larvae. Controlling temperature and humidity and changing host plant structure during its larval stage can effectively control the occurrence and harmfulness of this pest.
作者
冯晓洁
席国成
刘福顺
吴娱
刘春琴
王庆雷
FENG Xiao-Jie XI Guo-Cheng LIU Fu-Shun WU Yu LIU Chun-Qin WANG Qing-Lei(Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Cangzhou, Hebei 061001, China)
出处
《昆虫学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第8期920-926,共7页
Acta Entomologica Sinica
基金
现代农业科技奖励性后补助资金项目(179276184H)
关键词
暗黑鳃金龟
幼虫
温度
土壤湿度
食物
存活率
发育历期
Holotrichia parallela
larva
temperature
soil water content
food
survival rate
developmental duration
作者简介
冯晓洁，女，1981年11月生，河北沧州人，学士，助理研究员，研究方向为地下害虫的饲养及发生规律，E-mail：84326013@qq．com
通讯作者，E-mail：wqlei02@163．com
