摘要
目的了解2011—2015年北京市朝阳区哨点企业苯系物职业危害的基本情况,为该区做好职业病防治工作提供依据。方法按《重点职业病监测技术方案》,随机抽取朝阳区存在苯系物的哨点企业,收集企业基本资料和接触苯系物作业人员职业健康监护资料,并监测工作场所苯危害情况。结果 2011—2015年北京市朝阳区涉苯系物作业企业多为中小型企业,生产工人中约50%为接触职业性有害因素作业,作业人员职业健康检查的比例较低,其中大型企业接触有害因素人数远高于中小型企业,但中小型企业体检人数占接触有害因素人数比例比大型企业高;作业人员多为低浓度苯系物接触作业,2011年超标率最高为2.85%;各年度之间中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、红细胞计数、血红蛋白、尿蛋白和尿潜血的指标差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),淋巴细胞、尿蛋白和尿潜血指标异常呈逐年增高趋势(r=0.035,P<0.05;r=0.400,P<0.05;γ=0.077,P<0.05)。结论北京市朝阳区涉苯系物作业的中小企业较多、大型企业接触有害因素的人员数量多,职业健康监护比例较低,作业人员多为低浓度苯系物接触作业,政府部门应开展针对性的监督检查和职业卫生宣传,以保障劳动者健康。
[Objective] To obtain the information about occupational hazards of benzene series in the sentinel enterprises in Chaoyang District of Beijing from 2011-2015,provide the basis for occupational disease prevention and control in this area.[Methods] The sentinel enterprises with benzene series exposure were randomly selected from Chaoyang District according to the Sentinel surveillance solutions of the important occupational disease,the related information of the enterprises and the occupational health monitoring data for workers exposed to benzene series were collected,and the benzene hazards in workplace were also monitored.[Results] From 2011-2015,the enterprises with benzene series exposure were mainly small and medium enterprises in Chaoyang District,about half of production workers were exposed to occupational hazardous factors,and the proportion of exposed workers have received the occupational health examination was low.The number of workers harmful factors in large enterprises was much higher than that in small and medium enterprises,and the proportion of workers exposed to harmful factors have received the occupational health examination in small and medium enterprises was higher than that in large enterprises.Most of workers were exposed to low concentration of benzene series.The exceeding standard rate in 2011 was the highest （2.85%）.The differences in levels of neutrophils,lymphocytes,red blood cell count,hemoglobin,urine protein and urine occult blood were statistically significant among different years （P〈0.05）.The abnormal rates of lymphocytes,urine protein and urine occult blood increased year by year （r=0.035,P〈0.05;r=0.400,P〈0.05;r=0.077,P〈0.05）.[Conclusion] In Chaoyang District of Beijing,the enterprises with benzene series exposure are mainly small and medium enterprises,the number of workers harmful factors in large enterprises is large while the proportion of workers receiving the occupational health surveillance is low,and most of workers have been exposed to low concentration of benzene series.The government should carry out the targeted supervision and inspection and publicity of occupational health so as to ensure the health of workers.
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2017年第13期1734-1737,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
苯系物
低浓度接触
监测
Benzene series,Low concentration exposure
Monitoring
作者简介
王磊，男，主管医师，主要从事职业卫生检测与评价工作。
