摘要
图像增强算法能够提高图像整体和局部的对比度,突出图像的细节信息,使增强后的图像更符合人眼的视觉特性且易于机器识别,在军事和民用领域具有广泛的应用。本文从图像增强算法的原理出发,归纳总结了近年来应用比较广泛的4类图像增强算法及其改进算法,包括直方图均衡图像增强算法、小波变换图像增强算法、偏微分方程图像增强算法和基于Retinex理论的图像增强算法。结合人眼视觉特性、噪声抑制、亮度保持和信息熵最大化等图像增强的改进算法,在保证增强图像具有较高对比度的前提下,可进一步提升图像的质量。实现了9种较为典型的图像增强算法,采用主观和客观的评价方法对增强效果进行了对比,分析了不同增强算法的优缺点,并给出了这些算法的计算时间。对这些算法的深入研究能够推动图像增强技术向更高水平发展,从而使图像增强技术在多个学科领域发挥重要作用。
Image enhancement algorithms can enhance contrast between the whole and partial images,and highlight the details of images. It also can make the enhanced images more in line with the visual characteristics of the human eyes and it applies to machine identification,which has a wide range of applications in military and civilian fields. Based on the principle of image enhancement algorithm,four types of image enhance-ment algorithms and their improved algorithms are summarized in this paper. These algorithms include histogram equalization image enhancement algorithm,wavelet transform image enhancement algorithm,partial differential equation image enhancement algorithm and Retinex image enhancement algotithm. These improved algorithms,which combine the human visual characteristics,noise suppression,brightness preserving and information entropy maximization,can further improve the quality of images in addition to enhancing the contrast.In this paper,nine typical image enhancement algorithms are implemented,and their enhancement effects are compared with subjective and objective evaluation methods. The advantages and disadvantages of these enhancement algorithms are analyzed,and the calculation time of the algorithms are given. The study on these algorithms can promote the image enhancement technology to a higher level,so as to make the image enhancement technology play an important role in many fields.
作者
王浩
张叶
沈宏海
张景忠
WANG Hao ZHANG Ye SHEN Hong-hai ZHANG Jing-zhong(Key Laboratory of Airborne Optical Imaging and Measurement, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, China Heilongfiang Forest Protection Institute, Harbin 150040, China)
出处
《中国光学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
2017年第4期438-448,共11页
Chinese Optics
基金
国家林业公益性资助项目(No.201204515)
吉林省自然科学基金项目(No.20150101017JC)
中国科学院青年创新促进会资助项目(No.2016201)~~
关键词
图像增强
直方图均衡
小波变换
偏微分方程
RETINEX理论
image enhancement
histogram equalization
wavelet transform
partial differential equation
Retinex theory
作者简介
王浩（1986-），男，吉林长春人，硕士，助理研究员，2013年于中国科学技术大学获得硕士学位，主要从事图像增强、目标跟踪、嵌入式系统设计等方面的研究。E—mail：wanghao7600@163．com
