摘要
毛白杨以无性繁殖为主,而无性繁殖材料往往存在老化现象,了解繁殖材料的老化复壮规律在生产上有重要意义。以成熟树木200年生和年轻树木30年生雄性毛白杨根萌条为对象,利用已建立起的这2种不同年龄树木的无菌再生体系,测定各年龄树木无性系继代周期、继代过程中芽的增殖和生长及无性系生根率等指标,研究了毛白杨繁殖材料的老化与复壮。结果表明,200年生成熟毛白杨根萌条相比30年生毛白杨根萌条成活率低29%,生长周期延长40d,茎高生长量≥3cm苗的数量降低13%。同时,成熟树木继代3次增殖系数由0.93提升至3.77,茎高生长量≥3cm苗的数量从2.23%增至38.3%,且各代之间的生长指标差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05);年轻树木继代6次,增值系数由3.11提升至6.81,茎高生长量≥3cm苗的数量从26.7%增至51.3%,但各代之间的生长指标差异不显著。因此,毛白杨繁殖材料老化现象的确存在,即便都是选用树木个体发育中最年幼的部分(根萌条),也由于母株年龄不同,其根萌条的老化性也不一,200年生毛白杨根萌条相比30年生毛白杨根萌条幼化性低,通过多次继代培养对不同年龄的树木均有一定程度的复壮作用,但对成熟树木的复壮效果好于年轻树木。
The regeneration of Populus tomentosa mainly relys on asexual reproduction, but the material of asexual propagation often has aging phenomenon. It is important to understand the aging pattern of reproductive material and the rejuvenation techniques. In this study, the stump sprouts were collected from 200- （mature） and 30-year-old （younger） trees of male P. tomentosa root to study the aging pattern and rejuvenation technique. Relative parameters were measured by using the established aseptic regeneration sys- tems, such as subculture cycle, bud proliferation during subculture, and rooting rate. Compared with the stump sprouts collected from younger tree,the survival rate of the sprouts of mature tree was 29% lower, the growth cycle was 40 days longer, and the effective proliferation decreased by 13%. After successive transfer culture 3 generations,the proliferation coefficient of the sprout of mature tree increased from 0.93 to 3.77 ,the percentage of plant number（stem increment≥3 cm）increased from 2.23% to 38.3%. For the younger tree, after successive transfer culture 6 generations, the proliferation coefficient increased from 3.11 to 6.81,the percentage of plant number（stem increment≥3 cm）increased from 26. 7% to 51.3%. Trees of different ages had rejuvenation effect after generations of breeding,but the effect among different generations of 200-year-old tree were significantly different （P〈0.05）. It was true that there was an aging phenomenon in the propagation material of P. tomentosa, even though the youngest part of the individual development of the tree was selected,the maternal plant age might decide the aging degree of root sprout. The rejuvenation effect of mature trees was much obvious than young trees.
出处
《西北林学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期87-91,171,共6页
Journal of Northwest Forestry University
基金
国家重点研发计划项目课题(2016YFD0600403)
北京园林绿化增彩延绿科技创新工程-品种研发及栽培技术推广项目(CEG-2015)
关键词
组织培养
成熟树木
老化
复壮
毛白杨
tissueculture
mature tree
aging
sprout rejuvenation
Populus tomentosa
作者简介
张劲，女，硕士，研究方向：森林培育。E—mail：904000763@qq．com
通信作者：刘勇，男，教授，博士，研究方向：种苗培育理论与技术。E—mail：lyong@bjfu．edu．cn
