摘要
目的分析江苏太仓地区2009—2015年3岁以下儿童生长发育状况和贫血的变化趋势。方法利用江苏省太仓市妇幼保健电子病历系统中2009—2015年间的3岁以下儿童体检数据,根据2006年WHO儿童生长发育标准和2001年WHO贫血诊断标准,评价儿童的营养不良率和贫血患病率,并分析其在7年间的变化趋势。计数资料的差异比较采用Mantel-Haenszel卡方检验,贫血患病率在不同年份间的变化趋势采用Cochran-Armitage检验。结果2009—2015年太仓地区儿童的年龄别体重Z评分(WAZ)均值为0.51,年龄别身高(或身长)Z评分(HAZ)均值为0.23,身高(或身长)别体重Z评分(WHZ)均值为0.56,平均低体重率为0.65%,平均生长迟缓率为1.54%,平均消瘦率为0.56%,平均超重率为6.37%,平均肥胖率为1.03%,在2009—2015年间低体重、生长迟缓、消瘦、肥胖无明显变化,超重率从2009年的5.84%增长到2012年的6.99%,2015年下降到6.12%(MHχ~2=5.41,P<0.05)。男孩的营养不良率均高于女孩,外来儿童的生长迟缓、超重、肥胖率高于本地儿童。3岁以下儿童的贫血患病率从2009年的24.02%下降到了2015年的9.25%(Cochran-Armitage Z=29.41,P<0.05)。男孩的贫血率高于女孩,本地儿童的贫血率高于外来儿童。结论2009—2015年太仓地区3岁以下儿童体格发育水平较好,超重率在2009—2012年间呈上升趋势,在2012—2015年间呈下降趋势;贫血率呈下降趋势。控制儿童超重和贫血是该地区今后儿童营养改善的两个主要方向。
Objective To analyze the changing trend of children＇s malnutrition and anemia rate in Taicang City,Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2015. Methods Data of medical examination on children under 3 was retrived from Electronic Health Care Records in Taicang,Jiangsu,and children＇s malnutrition and anemia rates were assessed based on WHO children＇s growth standard in 2006 and anemia diagnosis standard in 2001. The differences of children＇s malnutrition and anemia rates from 2009 to 2015 were analyzed based on the data. The Mantel-Haenszel Estimation Method was used to standardize themalnutrition rate and the anemia rate. Mantel-Haenszel Chi-square test was used to compare the differences of count data. Results The average WAZ,HAZ and WHZ scores were 0. 51,0. 23 and 0. 56, and the average rates of low weight, stunting,wasting,overweight and obesity were 0. 65%,1. 54%,0. 56%,6. 37% and 1. 03%,respectively. The rates of low weight,wasting,overweight and obesity remained stable from 2009 to 2015. The overweight rate increased from 5. 84% in 2009 to 6. 99% in2012,and dropped to 6. 12% in 2015（ MH χ^2= 5. 41,P〈0. 05）. The boys had a higher malnutrition rate than the girls,and the migrant children had worse conditions in stunting,overweight and obesity than local children. The anemia rate in children under 3 declined from 24. 02% in 2009 to 9. 25% in 2015（ Cochran-Armitage Z = 29. 41,P〈0. 05）. The boys had a higher anemia rate than the girls,and the local children had a higher anemia rate than the migrant children. Conclusion The growth status of children under 3 in Taicang from 2009 to 2015 is better than the WHO reference standards. The overweight rates increase from 2009 to 2012 and decline from 2012 to 2015. The anemia rate in children decline from 2009 to 2015. This study indicates that controlling the high overweight rate and high anemia rate in young children under 3 are two predominating working directions in Taicang,Jiangsu.
出处
《卫生研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第3期404-408,共5页
Journal of Hygiene Research
关键词
生长发育
营养不良
贫血
growth and development
malnutrition
anemia
作者简介
赵彦杰，女，硕士研究生，研究方向：妇幼营养，E-mail：yzhao118@126．com
通信作者：赖建强，男，研究员，研究方向：妇幼营养，E-mail：jq_lai@126．com
