摘要
目的:优化药材上主要污染真菌的分离方法,并分析三七、柴胡和党参的污染真菌情况。方法:采用L9(34)正交实验方法结合稀释平板法考察药材种类(A)、摇床转速(B)、振摇时间(C)和培养基种类(D)对真菌总数、曲霉菌和青霉菌分离效果的影响,曲霉菌和青霉菌根据形态进行鉴定。超高效液相色谱-质谱联用方法(UPLC-MS/MS)检测三种药材上黄曲霉毒素(AFs)的污染情况。结果:药材上真菌总数和曲霉菌的最优分离条件为转速130 r·min-1,振摇时间15 min,YES培养基;青霉菌的最优分离条件为转速160 r·min-1,振摇时间30 min,PDA培养基。党参上的真菌总数高于三七和柴胡,三种药材上曲霉菌数均高于青霉菌数。柴胡上检测到黄曲霉毒素B1的含量为4.54μg·kg-1,三七和党参上未检出AFs。结论:分离条件对分离结果有一定影响,三种药材上曲霉属真菌的污染值得重视。
Objective： To obtain the optimal condition of isolation method of contamination fungi from medicinal herbs, and compare the contaminated fungi on Panax pseudoginseng, Astragalus membranaceus, and Codonopsis pilosula. Methods： According to the orthogonaltest L9 （ 34 ） , the effect of four factors including herb species （ A ） , shaking speed （B） , shaking time （C） and medium （D） on the fungal counts of total fungi, AspergiUus and Penicillium were measured by using the dilution plating method. All isolates of Aspergillus and PeniciUium were identified based oll morphological criteria using macro- and micro-characters. The root samples were further tested for aflatoxins using UPLC-MS/MS. Results： The optimal iso- lation method for both total fungi and Aspergillus was 130 r .rain-i of shaking speed, 15 min of shaking time, and YES medi- um. The optimal isolation method for Penicillium was 160 r min- 1 of shaking speed, 30 min of shaking time, and PDA medi- um. The fungal count of total fungi on C. pilosula was higher than that of the other two root medicinal herbs. Moreover, the fun- gal count of Aspergillus on three root medicinal herbs were higher than that of Penicillium. With respect of aflatoxins occurrence, A. membranaceus was contaminated with AFB1 at concentration of 4. 54 μg kg-1, while no AFs were detected from P. pseudoginseng and C. pilosula. Conclusion： The isolation method affected fungi isolation results. The contamination of three herbs with Aspergillus should be paid more attention.
出处
《中国现代中药》
CAS
2017年第5期688-692,共5页
Modern Chinese Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金(81274071和81473345)
国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-JIN-34)
关键词
三七
柴胡
党参
真菌总数
曲霉
青霉
正交实验
Panax pseudoginseng
Astragalus membranaceus
Codonopsis pilosula
fungal count
Aspergillus
Pen- icillium
orthogonal test
作者简介
高微微，研究员，研究方向：中药质量与安全、中药资源生态、药用植物病理；Tel：（010）57833423，E-mail：wwga041l@sina．com
