摘要
为了从含有原油的样品中筛选出降解性能良好的产生表面活性剂菌株。利用富集、驯化培养、不同配方培养基筛选和排油活性测定,筛选出产高效生物表面活性剂的菌株。在形态特征和生理生化鉴定的基础上,对其16S rDNA序列进行了分析,并分别采用称重法和薄层层析法(TLC)测定其原油降解率和鉴别其表面活性剂的类型。进一步考察了不同种类的碳源和氮源、不同梯度的温度、盐度、酸碱度对其生长和排油活性的影响。筛选出一株高效脂肽类生物表面活性剂的菌株A-08,对其进行形态学、生理生化特性及16S rDNA序列同源分析,此菌株为荧光假单胞菌(Pseudomonas fluorescens)。A-08最适条件为碳源是食用油和液体石蜡,氮源为(NH_4)_2SO_4,温度40℃,盐度20%,pH 7.0,培养7 d后原油降解率为40.37%。实验筛选的菌株能适应较广泛的环境条件,可以对石油污染进行有效生物修复,具有较好的意义和应用价值。
The aim of this study was to isolate a strain of surfactant-producing bacteria from crude oil samples. A strain of bacteria that could produce surfactant efficiently was isolated by the enrichment method, domestication culturing,the screening of different media,and the determination of an oil ring. The traditional morphological, physiological,and chemical characteristics of the bacteria were analyzed and the 16S rDNA gene sequence analy- sis was applied to classify the bacteria. The oil degradation rate and the type of surfactant were invastigated using the weighing method and thin layer chromatography （TLC） , respectively. In addition, the effects of the carbon source, nitrogen source, temperature, salinity, and pH on cell growth, as well as the characteristics of oil displace- ment activity of the strain A-08 were explored. A strain A-08 that efficiently produced the lipopeptide surfactant was screened. Based on an analysis of its morphological, physiological, and chemical characteristics and a 16S rRNA gene sequence homology analysis, A-08 was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens. Moreover,the results showed that the optimum carbon source and nitrogen source were edible oil,liquid paraffin and （NH4 ）2SO4,the optimum temperature was 40 ℃ ,the optimum salinity was 20% and the optimum pH was 7.0. It＇ s degradation rate could reach up to 40.37% after a seven day incubation period. It was verified that strain A-08 ,which we i- solated can grow well under a wide range of environmental conditions, and our results are significant to the re- search on microbial degradation and environmental bioremediation of oil pollution.
出处
《环境工程学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期3295-3303,共9页
Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering
基金
陕西省科技统筹创新工程项目(2012KTZB03-02-03)
陕西省教育厅服务地方专项计划项目(16JF029)
延安大学陕北微生物资源与利用研究中心科研机构专项基金
陕西省协同创新计划项目(2015XT-34)
延安市生物资源开发与利用科技创新团队专项基金
关键词
石油污染
表面活性剂
薄层层析
脂肽类
优化
oil pollution
biosurfactant
thin layer chromatography （ TLC ）
lipopeptide
optimization
作者简介
通信作者邓振山（1969-），男，博士，副教授，研究方向：微生物资源与利用和环境微生物学。E-mail：zhenshandeng214@163．com
