摘要
为了提高聚氨酯(PU)弹性体机械强度,尝试用超临界乙醇处理的无机氧化铝(SCE-Al_2O_3)粒子改性以提高弹性体性能.以4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、聚醚二醇(PPG)、二乙烯三胺(DETA)和环氧树脂(E-51)等为主要原料,采用预聚体酮连氮法合成了双组份聚氨酯弹性体,再用SCE-Al_2O_3改性,制备了Al_2O_3/PU弹性体.通过红外光谱(FT-IR)表征聚合物的结构;X射线衍射(XRD)表征SCE-Al_2O_3在基体中结晶峰的变化;扫描电镜(SEM)观察SCE-Al_2O_3在基体中的分散效果和结构;通过拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的变化分析改性前后的SCE-Al_2O_3对弹性体力学性能的影响.结果表明,未处理的Al_2O_3(unmodified-Al_2O_3)掺加量为质量分数1%、2%对弹性体拉伸强度的提高分别为19.22%,和10.02%;断裂伸长率也分别提高18.91%和8.96%.而2%SCE-Al_2O_3/PU弹性体的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均为最佳,比纯PU和2%unmodified-Al_2O_3/PU分别提高了25.36%,26.37%和13.95%,15.98%.
Polyurethane elastomer（PU） has good mechanical properties,widely used in the construction,furniture and clothing.With its applications are more and more widely,the requirements of PU in mechanical performance were increasingly high,in order to reduce cost of production under the premise of improving the mechanical strength of the polyurethane elastomer.The inorganic alumina（Al2O3） particles modified by supercritical ethanol（SCE-Al2O3） were used to enhance the performance of elastomer in this paper.4,4-diphenyl methane diisocyanate（MDI）,polyether glycols（PPG）,diethylenetriamine（DETA） and epoxy resin（E-51） were used as the main raw materials and synthesized two-component polyurethane elastomer by the use of acetone link to nitrogen,and then modified its properties by SCE-Al2O3,synthesized Al2O3/PU elastomer.Infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）and X-ray diffraction（XRD） was used to characterize structure of the materials and the extent of change in Al2O3 crystal substrate,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） was used to observe dispersion of the Al2O3 in the matrix and to analyse the Al2O3 effect on the mechanical property of elastic including of tensile strength and elongation at break.The results of experiments showed that there was a little improved in the tensile strength and the elongation at break when the unmodified-Al2O3 was added in 1wt% and 2wt%,that was 19.22%,10.02% and 18.91%,8.96%.The tensile strength and the elongation at break was best when the content of SCE-Al2O3 was 2wt%,that was 7.76 MPa and 254%,improved 25.36%,26.37% and 13.95%,15.98% than that of pure PU and 2wt% unmodified-Al2O3,respectively.
出处
《哈尔滨理工大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第6期117-122,共6页
Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology
基金
哈尔滨市科技局创新人才专项(2015RAXXJ029)
关键词
聚氨酯弹性体
超临界纳米氧化铝
酮连氮法
力学性能
polyurethane elastomer
supercritical ethanol Al2O3
method of acetone connect to nitrogen
mechanical properties
作者简介
陈宇飞（1963-），女，教授，硕士研究生导师，E—mail：chenyufei@hrbust．edu．cn；
楚洪月（1991-），女，硕士研究生；
滕成君（1964-），男，研究员．
