摘要
为了比较舍饲条件下牦牛和犏牛生产性能、屠宰性能、养分表观消化率、瘤胃发酵参数和血清生化指标等特性的差异,研究采用随机区组试验设计,分别选取10头体重为(167.15±5.01)kg、年龄为4周岁左右的麦洼公牦牛和F1代公犏牛,分别设为牦牛组和犏牛组,每组10个重复,每个重复1头牛,两个处理组饲喂相同日粮。结果表明:犏牛组的干物质采食量(DMI)、日增重(ADG)和净肉率显著高于牦牛组(P<0.05),犏牛组屠宰率有高于牦牛组的趋势(P=0.065);犏牛组粗蛋白质(CP)的表观消化率显著高于牦牛组(P=0.046),但酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和中性洗涤纤维(NDF)有低于牦牛组的趋势(P<0.10);犏牛组氨态氮浓度显著低于牦牛组(P=0.011),而总挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA)浓度有高于牦牛组的趋势(P=0.073);犏牛组血清总蛋白和球蛋白浓度显著高于牦牛组(P<0.05)。因此,本试验条件下,犏牛的生产性能和CP的表观消化率优于牦牛,而纤维类物质的消化率则低于牦牛,两者在瘤胃发酵特性上无明显差异,而犏牛的体液免疫应答强于牦牛。
To compare the differences in the production performance,slaughter performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,ruminal fermentation parameters,serum biochemical indexes and other characteristics between yaks and cattle- yaks under barn- feeding conditions,a randomized block design was adopted in this study. Ten male Maiwa yaks and ten F1 generations of male cattle- yaks with the body weight of167. 15 ± 5. 01 kg at about 4 years of age were selected and divided into two treatment groups with 10 replicates of 1 yak or cattle- yak,including yak group and cattle- yak group,and the two treatment groups were fed the same diet,respectively. The results showed that the dry matter intake( DMI),average daily gain( ADG) and net meat rate in the cattle- yak group were significantly higher than( P < 0. 05) those in the yak group,and the slaughter rate in the cattle- yak group showed a higher trend than that in the yak group( P = 0. 065); the apparent digestibility of crude protein( CP) in the cattle- yak group was significantly higher than( P < 0. 05) that in the yak group( P = 0. 046),but there was a contrary trend( P < 0. 10) on the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber( ADF) and neutral detergent fiber( NDF); the ruminal NH3- N concentration in the cattle- yak group was lower than( P = 0. 011) that in the yak group,and there was a contrary trend( P = 0. 073)on the concentrations of total volatile fatty acids( TVFA); the serum total protein and globulin concentrations in the cattle- yak group were significantly higher than( P < 0. 05) those in the yak group. The results indicate that under the experimental conditions,the production performance and apparent digestibility of CP of cattle- yaks are better than those of yaks,while their apparent digestibility of fiber materials is lower than that of yaks. There is no significant difference in the rumen fermentation characteristics between yaks and cattle- yaks,and the humoral immune response of cattle- yaks is stronger than that of yaks.
出处
《黑龙江畜牧兽医》
CAS
北大核心
2016年第12期5-9,共5页
Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目“优质牦牛肉生产关健养殖技术研究”(2016NGJPY09)
牦牛藏绵羊地方标准制定(25710609)
西南民族大学2015年研究生“创新型科研项目”(CX2015SZ085)
关键词
舍饲
牦牛
犏牛
生产性能
屠宰性能
表观消化率
瘤胃发酵
血清指标
barn-fecding
yak
cattle-yak
production performance
slaug hter perfor-mance
apparent digestibility
ruminal fermentation
serum index
作者简介
王斌星（1990-），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为反刍动物营养，1045302767@qq．com．
通信作者：郭春华（1957-），女，教授，博士，研究方向为动物营养与饲料科学，www．gch33@aliyun．com．
