摘要
茶是中国主要的经济作物之一,气候变化对茶叶生长具有重要的影响。采用福建省主要产茶区闽东9县市1981—2013年气候要素资料,应用模糊数学方法构建茶叶适宜度模型,分析茶叶气候适宜度年际、年代及季节变化特征,运用Arcgis地理信息软件对闽东茶叶气候适宜度年代空间变化分布进行区划分析。结果表明,闽东地区总体茶叶生长的气候条件好,适宜度高。但也存在一些制约因素,影响山区茶叶适宜条件的主要气候要素是积温,而沿海则是相对湿度和干燥度。受气候变化影响,闽东茶叶适宜度随年际波动明显,沿海茶叶适宜度年代变化幅度比山区大,波动更不稳定,其变差趋势也比山区更显著。季节性特征显示春、夏、秋3个季节适宜度也都随年代波动幅度增大而数值呈减小趋势,其中春茶适宜度变化小,而夏、秋茶变差趋势显著。针对气候变化对闽东茶叶适宜度的不利影响,建议可以通过基础设施建设,改善茶园小气候条件和加强防灾能力加以应对。
Tea is one of the main economic crops in China,climate change has an important effect on the growth of tea. By using the data of climate factors from 9 counties during 1981—2013 in northeastern Fujian province of China,which is the mian production area of tea,and using the method of fuzzy mathematics to construction the model of climate suitability for tea,the paper analyzed its change characteristics of years、decadal and season scale,using the Arc GIS geographic information software to analyze the spatial variation characteristic of the climate suitability of tea. The results show that,it＇s good that the growth climate conditions of tea in northeastern Fujian province overall,the value of suitability is high. But there are also some restrictions factors,the main climate restriction factors for tea suitable condition in mountainous county are the accumulated temperature,but the coastal counties are relative humidity and drying level. By the impact of climate change,the climate suitability of tea has obvious fluctuations with annual,the decadal amplitude of variation in coastal county tea more than that in mountain county,and its wave more unstable either,the variation trend is more significant than the mountain county. Seasonal characteristics display the climate suitability of tea in spring,summer and autumn are also the volatility increases and decreases in value with decadal,the suitability changes small in spring,but the variation trend change significantly in summer and autumn. According to the effects of climate change on the suitability of tea in northeastern Fujian province,the paper suggest to improve the microclimate conditions of tea garden and strengthen disaster prevention ability to eliminate unfavorable influence of climate change by the infrastructure construction.
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第4期415-424,共10页
Mountain Research
基金
福建省宁德市科技计划项目(20130004)
中国气象局业务建设项目"农业应对气候变化"资助~~
关键词
茶叶
气候
适宜度
特征
分析
tea
climate
suitability
characteristics
作者简介
余会康（1969-），男，汉族，福建古田人，高级工程师，主要从事农业气象服务及科研工作。E—mail：hikan@163．com；Phone：13859636799
