摘要
在中国古代文学课程的教学活动中应积极探寻古代传统文化与现代精神文明的契合点,通过"还原"与"移植"的教育新策略积极实现历史与现代的对话。"还原"是指在历史还原中解读经典文本。首先,还原历史背景,凭藉历史背景丰富知识结构。其次,还原创作背景。在经典作品的赏读过程中,结合作者的性格、气质、心理、教养、师承、人生经历以及创作背景等复杂的因素理解作品。再次,尊重历史人格。阅读经典作品或是评价古人时需理解当时的道德评判标准,尊重古代文人的人格精神,真正做到"理解之同情"。最后,模拟情感体验。重构当时的具体场景,模拟人物当时的情感体验,领悟作品所具有的艺术魅力,在深刻的心灵感悟与细腻的审美体验中实现与古人的情感交流。"移植"是指将经典作品移植到当代文化新语境。对古代经典作品中体现出的人生感叹、生命呐喊、人文关怀等兼具历时性和共时性特点的主题进行现代化阐释;有意识地将文学形象移植到现代价值体系的标准下重新进行审读;充分发掘古典作品对当代大学生价值观、人生观及情感建构的意义,努力构建出"知音"般的情感共鸣境界;有意识地引导学生在经典文本与现代影视改编的对比性赏读中,探析各自的优劣,自觉地回归经典,真正欣赏到经典文本的独特魅力。"还原"和"移植"之中还要注意对学生的认识误区进行正确引导。尽量避免学生的误解与偏激,引导学生正确认识作品中存在的文本缝隙,帮助学生树立正确的人生观、价值观,培养其辨别是非善恶的能力。此外,可以采用现代化的教学手段,真正让学生在经典文本的赏读过程中达到愉悦其心和培养其能的双重效果。
In the course of Chinese ancient literature teaching activities,teachers should actively search for the corresponding point between ancient traditional culture and modern civilization.The new educational strategies of 'restoration' and 'transplant' can actively realize the dialogue of history and modern society. ' Restoration' means interpreting the classical texts in historic restoration.First,the historic background can be restored,which will enrich the knowledge structure.Then,the creation background can be restored.The texts can be interpreted based on the author's creation thought and interpretation of the classic text.In the process of appreciation of reading classics,people want to combine complex factors such as the author's personality,temperament,psychology,education level,educational background,life experience and writing background,etc.Moreover,the historic personality should be considered.When reading classics and evaluating scholars in ancient time,people should accept their moral standards,respect the ancient literati's personality spirit and truly adhere to ' understanding of sympathy'.If the history background is dissevered to learn and study history of literature in isolation,the knowledge structure will be poor like a castle in the air.Further,people simulate emotional experience.They need to ' reconstruct' the specific scene,simulate the character's emotional experience,understand the artistic charm and achieve emotional communication with the ancient scholars in the deep heart and exquisite aesthetic experience.The new context will be transplanted into contemporary culture classics.People will try to transplant historical context of the classics into current reality,and fully excavate the contemporary value of the classics.The plaint of life,life cries and humanistic care reflecting in the ancient classic literature have the characteristic of diachronic and synchronic.People should make the modern interpretation of subjects;they have to make modern interpretation of the character through consciously transplanting literature image into the standards of modern value system.They want to fully tap the meaning of the classical works in the values of contemporary college students,and the outlook on life and emotion stimulate students' interest in learning,and build emotional state as 'friend'.They should consciously guide students' comparative reading of classic text and modern film adaptation,analyze their respective advantages and disadvantages,consciously return to classics and really appreciate the unique charm of classical text.The students' misunderstanding should be avoided.In a close reading of classical text,people should try to avoid students' misunderstanding and extreme,in order to guide students to correctly understand the text gaps in the works.At the same time,they should help students set up the correct outlook on life,values,and cultivate their ability to distinguish between right and wrong,good and evil.In addition,teachers still can use the modern teaching means,such as the combination of audio-visual teaching form through the use of images,audio,video and scene simulation,class discussion,diversified exploration,to let the students really achieve the effect of enjoying reading classical texts.
出处
《高教发展与评估》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第4期80-86,92,共7页
Higher Education Development and Evaluation
基金
广东省高校优秀青年教师培养计划培养项目(Yq2013162)
关键词
文学教育
传统文化
经典阅读
大学生价值观
对比阅读
literature education
traditional culture
classical reading
college students' outlook
contrast reading
作者简介
李婵娟（1979一），女，湖北天门人，副教授，博士，研究方向为古代文学教学。
